Back to the Republic of China to be a editor

The main consideration for an infantry division is the number of trucks in the division.It is impossible to have a fully motorized infantry division. According to the establishment of the Soviet army, a motorized infantry division must have 800 to 1000 vehicles. If 36 infantry divisions are fully motorized, more than 3 vehicles will be purchased, which is too much.

Therefore, it can only be temporarily turned into a semi-motorized infantry division, and a division has about 400 vehicles.This can realize the motorization of the divisional artillery regiment and the motorization of part of the supply chain.

Now all kinds of guns, mortars and 75mm light howitzers can be produced in China, which can indeed greatly save money (foreign exchange).After careful calculation, except for 76 vehicles in the army/infantry division, which had to be bought from the Soviet Union, the only other things to buy were the division's anti-aircraft artillery company and 85mm/50mm cannon.Of course, this does not affect the Soviet-style features of the new infantry division. Type 50 semi-automatic rifles (SKS), type [-] light machine guns (RPD), heavy machine guns, and mortars are all Soviet-style or use Soviet-style ammunition calibers.

After the reorganization, the artillery of the new version of the infantry division has been significantly enhanced. The 75 grenade and 108 rockets of the original military artillery regiment have been transferred to the infantry division. It is not that the military artillery regiment is split into three divisions, but each division has an artillery. group.

"...That's about it." Tang Hua said, "We brought back the equipment for the anti-aircraft artillery division, and we are going to put Hongqi-1 air defense missiles in it, so 12 anti-aircraft artillery divisions can make up 18 in our hands. The division is coming... But the frontline troops have reported that as a short-range blind-filling weapon for the Hongqi-1 air defense missile, the quadruple 14.5mm anti-aircraft machine gun is much better than the 37mm anti-aircraft gun.”

Xu Shuai: "The four-mounted 14.5 high-altitude aircraft was prepared to be mixed into the division's anti-aircraft artillery company. Do you want to keep some in the anti-aircraft artillery division?"

Tang Hua nodded. "It is best to be organized directly in the missile regiment of the anti-aircraft artillery division, lest the coordination of the various units is not timely, the anti-aircraft machine gun cannot find the missile, and the missile cannot find the anti-aircraft machine gun. Such an anti-aircraft artillery division still has three regiments, one Hongqi-1 regiment, A regiment of 85 or 100mm flak, and a regiment of 37mm flak."

Xu Shuai: "There is also a tank division...Xu Guangta wrote the proposal. Like you, he doesn't like heavy tanks."

Xu Guangta, commander and political commissar of the armored forces of the PLA, was the commander of the corps during the Liberation War. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he was called by the chairman to be the commander of the armored forces.He really learned the tactics of the armored force from scratch, and he was preparing to build a PLA tank school while learning.

Tang Hua: "It is too early to say that heavy tanks have completely withdrawn from the battlefield. They should still have a few years of vitality... But in North Korea, heavy tanks are really difficult to use. The terrain is undulating and difficult to maneuver off-road. But the last time I It seems to be "if we can get the T-54 for medium tanks, then we can basically eliminate heavy tanks in the tank division." Chief of Staff Xu, do you think the possibility of getting the T-54 in the Soviet Union this time is great? ?”

Xu Shuai smiled and said: "If you didn't mention the T-54 in your little manual, I wouldn't even know it existed....It's hard to say now, so be prepared. That is, if the T-54 fails to be introduced If it is successful, the tank division must be equipped with SU-100, and the base number should be three battalions. But having said that, the first tank division fought well on the Han River."

……

It was May 5 when Chief of Staff Xu said this, and the blocking battle in the eastern part of the Han River Plain had been fought for 17 days.

It is a fact that the First Tank Division played well in the Han River, and it is also a fact that the First Tank Division is not in a good condition now.

As a tank division that is not fully staffed (only 3 tank regiments), the 150st Tank Division had 34 T-85-97s at the start of the campaign, and now the number of combat tanks has fallen below triple digits, leaving [-] car.

Among them, about 20 vehicles were broken down and could not be repaired and returned to the front line, and more than 30 vehicles were damaged and destroyed.

With two SU-100 self-propelled anti-tank artillery battalions, there are only about two-thirds of the combat vehicles left.

However, the 20th Army and the 5st Tank Division did complete the blocking mission. As of May 17, the 2st Marine Division and the 3st US Cavalry Division still could not cross the Han River.The 17nd and [-]rd divisions of Mipo finally occupied Moshiyu-ri on the [-]th, but were forced to stop in front of a new blocking line and failed to launch an attack on Namyangju.

Su Yu and Ye Ting agreed before the start of the second stage that the plains can be released and the mountains must be contested. However, the Hanjiang Plain cannot be easily given over to the U.S. military. Here, 4 U.S. divisions are restrained, and troops from other places will fight back. time will be much easier.Therefore, in the eastern part of the Han River Plain, the US military has to be held back for two or three days.

The 20th Army placed one infantry division in each of the two directions, and the other two divisions served as reserves; the first tank division was split into two halves to support the two directions.In other words, each division of the 20th Army on the front line now has to face the attack of two US divisions, which has never been seen in the volunteer army's participation in the war for more than half a year. ——Fortunately, the 20th Army is not fighting alone, and half of the tank division is responsible for anti-armor, and behind it is the 32nd Artillery Division and 8 sets of Hongqi-1 air defense missiles.

There is still room for maneuver in the strength and space of the Volunteer Army, and the United Nations Army is getting more and more anxious.

Van Fleet counted, and the artillery on the western front has reached 22 artillery battalions. However, without the support of air strikes and low-altitude reconnaissance and school shooting, it is still difficult to fight.

Li Qiwei was worried about the high-altitude reconnaissance report of the Far East Air Force.

5月16日，远东空军的F-80、F-84在对杨口郡的人民军阵地进行轰炸扫射时突然遭到防空导弹的袭击，突然就被击落5架飞机。剩下的3架飞机急速离开，从此远东空军的战术飞机也不敢轰炸杨口郡了。

On the Qingchuan River-Pyongyang-Cheorwon (Kasong) logistics line taken by the high-altitude reconnaissance plane, the Air Force staff carefully counted and counted at least 45 missile launch vehicles on the ground, almost covering the 200-kilometer-long Chinese army supply line. All protected.

Of course, the high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft cannot determine whether these missile launch vehicles are real or false targets, but the Far East Air Force dare not send F-80 or F-84 to tease and test the truth. no.

The appearance of Chinese anti-aircraft missiles in Yangkou County is also a very ominous signal, indicating that the number of Chinese anti-aircraft missile launch vehicles entering North Korea is increasing.This also proves from the side that most of the anti-aircraft missile vehicles deployed on the logistics supply line of the Chinese army may be true.

Now Li Qiwei and the United Nations Army have no choice but to rush up from the ground if they want to explain to the gentlemen in Congress.

Chapter 155, acting skills determine the success or failure of the battle

In Washington, the U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee and the Foreign Affairs Committee co-chaired a hearing that has been in its seventh day.

In the later period of the fourth battle, the United Nations army marched northward at the same time. When it reached the [-]th parallel and crossed the [-]th parallel, both the President of the United States and the Senate and the House of Representatives pretended to be busy with other things, and took Ridgway's crossing of the [-]th parallel as a serious matter. didn't happen.

When the fifth battle started, the United Nations army north of the 48th parallel collapsed within [-] hours, and an entire division was surrounded by the Chinese army, the Senate could not sit still.While the military council was meeting to discuss what to do, Seoul was lost.Although many senators in the United States may not be able to find the Korean Peninsula on the globe, the gentlemen of the military committee should be able to find it, and the staff behind these senators know better.

On May 5, the two committees jointly convened a hearing to address this crisis.

The first person to be called at the hearing was Douglas MacArthur. He is neither the commander of the United Nations Army nor an active five-star general, but a retired general.MacArthur was eloquent in the hearing booth, and had been in line with the senators all day. Of course, what he said was his invariable tone in the past few months: To solve the North Korean issue, the war must be extended to China. Don’t worry about it. The attitude of the Soviet Union, strengthened the military embargo, let the Chiang Kai-shek group in Taiwan immediately launch a counterattack to the mainland blablabla.

The next day's hearing invited Bradley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

"The Joint Chiefs of Staff believe that if MacArthur's strategy is adopted, we will be in the wrong place, at the wrong time, fighting the wrong war with the wrong enemy."

Facing the senators present, Bradley unceremoniously refuted MacArthur's point of view.In fact, MacArthur came to hold a hearing yesterday, and the set of words he said may not have won the approval of all senators.Brad used a long speech to prove that attacking China cannot determine the outcome of the Korean battlefield, nor can it guarantee the end of the Korean War, nor will it make China surrender.

It was Acheson who came on the third day.

Acheson also said that what MacArthur said was wrong. If the war was extended to China, then the Soviet Union would intervene 99% of the time, not what MacArthur said would never interfere.

On the fourth day, Marshall was also invited to testify by the Senate.

Marshall started from old accounts, saying that MacArthur's order to cross the 10th parallel and attack Pyongyang in October last year was simply wrong.Yes, North Korea attacked first, occupying Seoul and besieging Busan, but we defeated all the North Korean troops that crossed the border, and those who deserved revenge also retaliated.At that time, we should stay near the [-]th parallel and talk about it after the Chinese army comes over.

……

On the seventh day, the Senate Armed Services Committee invited Bradley, who had been here a few days ago, to the venue for the second time.

"General Bradley, do you think General Matthew Ridgway is a qualified commander?"

Senator Armed Services Committee, a fat senator with his jaw drooping in front of his chest asked a question.

Bradley: "Matthew is an excellent military commander of the army group and army group who can act alone, Mr. Senator."

Fatty: "But he just retreated from the [-]th Parallel and lost Seoul."

Bradley: "But Seoul was also taken back during his tenure. He led the United Nations counterattack from the 37th parallel to the north of the [-]th parallel. Although the front of the United Nations is now forced to shrink, we are already on the offensive again. status, and the battle to retake Seoul is underway."

"Now, what combat plan can the Joint Chiefs of Staff provide us? Can you tell us what you plan to do in the next stage?" Another member of the military committee asked.

Bradley: "That's exactly what I and the Joint Chiefs need to discuss with the Armed Services Committee."

……

May 5.After lengthy hearings, National Security Council Document 18-48 was released.

"1. The current goal of the United States in North Korea is to establish a favorable line of defense at or near the [-]th parallel, seek to conclude an armistice agreement, and end the Korean War."

"2. Establish the regime of the Republic of Korea in the southern part of the Korean peninsula. This regime should at least fulfill the functions of administration and military defense in the southern part of the peninsula. It should assist the Republic of Korea in establishing sufficient military strength. Before that, it must resolutely and consistently oppose and severely punish the aggressors."

"3. When realizing the above-mentioned (2) objective, we must try our best to prevent North Korea's military actions from turning into a full-scale war with the Soviet Union, and we should also avoid developing into a full-scale war with China."

"4. The United States should seek an acceptable political solution to the North Korean issue, which must take into account the attitudes of China, Taiwan, and the Soviet Union, and must not endanger the status of the United States..."

After reading the document, Truman signed his name in seconds.

From February to March 1951, after the fourth campaign entered the second stage, China and North Korea adjusted their war strategy and goals, and proposed not to liberate the entire Korean peninsula as the war goal.

Two months later, when Li Qiwei was approaching the 5th parallel, given that the situation was still not very good, he began to question whether the goal of military occupation of all of Korea was feasible.Now, on May 18, the highest levels of the United States finally woke up.

After the publication of Document No. 48-5, Bradley, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, immediately drafted a telegram to Ridgway.