Back to the Republic of China to be a editor

"... an American," said Tom blankly.

Tom is a soldier of the British 27th Brigade, and the Han River in front of him has a small U-turn, which makes things worse. The U-shaped turn of the river reduced the flow rate of part of the river, and the dozens of U.S. military corpses no longer flowed downstream, but circled in the river bend.Turning around, some corpses were simply washed ashore, only seven or eighty meters away from Tom.

"Guys, can you do me a favor?" Tom turned his head, he was a war correspondent traveling with the British 27th, wearing casual clothes, carrying a camera on his back, and holding a red cross flag that had been prepared a long time ago.

"Let's go to the river together and fish those bodies out of the river. Just now, the commander of the 2nd Battalion has called and contacted the North Korean army on the opposite side. As long as we wave the Red Cross flag, they will not open fire."

Tom and the old Master Chief accompanied the reporter to the river.When Tom hooked the third American corpse with a hook, he finally vomited out today's breakfast due to the missing half of his head.The war correspondent was much more adaptable than Tom. He wore a thick mask and did not behave abnormally except for frowning from time to time. The camera in his hand kept snapping.

……

This fight took place last night. More than 20 years later, Paramount Pictures made an anti-war film "Bleeding River" about this battle, which was translated into "Blood-Red Han River" in China.

5月13日，美步2、3师仓促的急行军进攻被20军58师和坦克一师的自行反坦克炮狠狠教训了一顿。之后美军两个半师的炮兵集结在一起，14个炮兵营对磨石隅里炮击了整整一小时。

At the same time, the 8 artillery battalions of the 800st Marine Division and the [-]st US Cavalry Division began a long-term bombardment of the volunteer positions on the north bank in Henan City on the south bank of the Han River.From the morning bombardment to the afternoon, during the period, the First Marine Division also pushed the heavy tanks to the south bank of the Han River, firing at any suspicious targets across the Han River [-] meters away.The volunteer army's position on the opposite side was quiet, and there was no decent counterattack artillery fire.

It is difficult for infantry to swim across a river with a width of 800 meters, and it is impossible to build a pontoon bridge under enemy fire.Fortunately, the 80st Marine Division participated in the attack. In the past two days, Van Fleet has also brought a lot of assault boats by train.Under the cover of artillery fire, more than 1 assault boats were placed on the riverside, and a battalion of the [-]st Regiment of the [-]st Marine Division was preparing to board the boat to forcefully cross the Han River.

The messy boarding scene quickly attracted a round of artillery fire.The small Chinese-made rocket launchers I saw when I was still in Changjin Lake were still so accurate—maybe even more accurate than those in Changjin Lake six months ago.

The heavy artillery of the 40st US Cavalry Division and the [-]st Marine Division immediately counter-covered the direction of the rocket launch, but both the [-]st US Cavalry Division and the commander of the [-]st Marine Division knew that this counter-coverage should have no effect.Because half an hour later, more than [-] newly added assault boats were put into the Han River, and when the infantry battalion of the US Cavalry Division [-] was about to board the boat, a lot of shells were fired from somewhere opposite the Han River.

If there is any move that Gerald Thomas, the commander of the First Marine Division, regretted the most, it was the order he issued at dusk on the 13th to cross the Han River at night.

The current division commander of the 9st Marine Division is Gerald Thomas, and Major General Oliver Smith, who fought in the dark with the [-]th Corps of the Volunteer Army at Changjin Lake, has been dismissed.

Thomas decided to use a marine battalion as the first wave. When boarding a boat at night to forcefully cross the Han River, the US Cavalry Division issued a warning to Thomas: During the battles of the previous days, Chinese tanks could observe at night at a distance of more than 1000 meters. and the ability to shoot.

Thomas said that he would remain vigilant against the Chinese army's tanks, but the nighttime crossing has a higher success rate than the daytime anyway.At least the troop will not be bombarded by the small rockets on the opposite side during the messy time when the assault boat is pushed into the Han River and then boarded before it is ready to go.

Another source of Thomas' confidence is that none of the Chinese army's tanks and anti-tank guns showed up in daytime battles.Therefore, he believes that the tanks of the Chinese army are likely to be completely contained by the offensive of the heavy armored units of the 2nd and 3rd US Army Divisions in the other direction.

At 5:13 p.m. on May 9, the Combat Engineer Battalion of the 5th Regiment of the 800st Marine Division followed an order, and more than [-] people all rushed to the assault boats by the Han River, jumped onto the boat with the most skillful movements, and sailed to the opposite bank. go.

As soon as the fleet left the south bank of the Han River, more than 30 orange-red flames burst out in the dark night on the opposite side, and about 7 to 8 assault boats capsized or were blown to pieces in the explosion.The engineer battalion didn't realize what such bombardment meant, so they continued to move forward. After all, at the speed of an assault boat, it only took 3 to 4 minutes to cross the Han River.

Fifteen seconds later, another round of shells came.

When the Chinese army opened fire for the third round, the engineer battalion commander finally realized that something was wrong.If the Chinese army was lucky or unlucky in the first round of bombardment, then every subsequent round of bombardment, the loss of assault boats will be more than 10, which is very bad!

At a distance of 100 meters from the north bank of the Han River, the assault boat of Sergeant Kostas of Company F was hit by tank artillery.

The mortar position on the south bank of the Han River has been firing flares, illuminating the land on the opposite bank. Kerstas can see the Chinese tank firing at him. It only reveals a small round turret. The hull should be hidden in the In a trench about 4 feet deep, the car body can be covered in this way, but the turret can be protruded to sweep across the river.

The assault boats of the engineer battalion were kept in the dark, and the Chinese army did not fire flares into the river.But the tank's shot was clearly not a shot.

The energy of the 85mm grenade explosion shattered the front half of the assault boat, and Kostas was thrown into the water.The life jacket on his body took effect at this time. He was floating on the water, trying to paddle to keep his head up. At this moment, he saw that not only the main gun of the tank was firing, but also the parallel machine guns were firing. Accurately hit another assault boat not far from him.

Desperate, Kerstas threw away the submachine gun in his hand, and untied the blasting tube on his back to let it sink to the bottom of the water. Now he just wants to live.After struggling to swim for a long time, Kostas miraculously swam to the north bank of the Han River, but the landing site was more downstream than expected.

In this forced crossing at night on the night of May 5, half of the soldiers in the engineering battalion were killed or missing on the river, and the assault boats that barely landed on the shore failed to complete the task. The marines who went ashore were also accurately suppressed by the machine guns and cannons of these tanks.After that, the battalion commander of the engineer battalion heard the sound of horns coming from three directions-the Chinese army began to charge.

……

On the night of May 5th, the 13th Division of South Korea was finally picked up by the 9th Mibu Division and returned to Gapyeong.

For a whole day of fighting, the South Korean 11th Division was cut into four sections in the valley and destroyed in unprecedented chaos.

At this time, the 9th and 11th Divisions of South Korea were very dilapidated and exhausted.Driven by Van Fleet, the two divisions sent out a regiment each to pounce on the Chinese army's position in the first two days of the counterattack. Without any suspense, both regiments knelt down. On May 5, at the request of William Hodge, the 8th Division of South Korea sent another intact regiment to perform in front of the 9th Division's position for a day, and finally lost.

因此，在5月13日白天，大名溪谷的战斗中，出现了朝鲜战争中难得一见的场面：志愿军9兵团28军的79、80两个师，向南9、南11两个师发动了包围歼灭战。

There are 2 volunteers in two divisions.The two divisions of the South Korean Army also had 2 people.

However, the 2 soldiers of the South Korean Army were reduced from 3 when the two divisions were full to 2. The front-line combat backbone force—the three infantry regiments—had already lost more than half of them. In front of the volunteer army divisions with basically complete combat power, these two South Korean divisions are lambs waiting to be slaughtered. The only one that is more difficult to chew is the engineering battalion of the 25th Meibu Division in the rear.But at this time, the engineer battalion did not have time to build fortifications, nor even a suitable place for them to build fortifications, so they could only play charge and counter-charge games with the volunteers in the valley.On the afternoon of May 5th, the troops of the 13th Division of South Korea in the valley began to surrender on a large scale. The 11th Division, still unsatisfied, asked the 79th Division to clean up the mess and take care of the prisoners. hit hard.

"Our army has basically wiped out the 11th Division of the South. It is a pity that if a division of the 15th Army also goes into battle, most of the 9th Division of the South may also stay in Daming Valley." Zhisi, Xie Fanglue said to Ye Ting with some regret .

"The 15th Army is already tired enough." Ye Ting said, "After being bombarded by 18 artillery battalions of the US Army for 6 days, eating 15 to [-] shells a day, if it were an ordinary army, I'm afraid it would have been bombed foolishly by now." Yes. The [-]th Army is the first effort in this Gapyeong blockade and counterattack."

Chapter 154, How to Match 62 Su Machinists?

重工业部的苏援引进和工业化计划，最多的就是钢铁、电力项目。唐华手里拿的是1951年洽谈的引进继续，里面就有1个水电项目、2个火电、3个钢铁厂和9个煤矿。

This is only a small part of the projects imported from the Soviet Union. In 52, 53, and 54, China continued to negotiate with the Soviet Union and continued to introduce projects with aid or preferential loans. In the end, 25 coal mine projects were introduced, 25 were electric power projects, and 7 were steel plants. Home.Coal mines, a basic industry and mining industry that seems to be digging things in the soil, are not yet handled in China - modern coal mines cannot produce their own mechanical equipment and power equipment.Moreover, Tang Hua didn't feel that there were so many coal and steel projects in excess. After reading the plan, Tang Hua raised his head to write his opinions, and added a Datong Emaokou coal mine/coal washing plant and a Taiyuan coking plant in Shanxi.These are actually one of the 156 projects in history, but they were started very late - the original plan was to start in North China and Northwest China after all the coal and steel in the Northeast were settled.

Last year, Tang Hua transported an electroslag furnace to Taiyuan, and the Taiyuan Iron and Steel Co., left by Yan Xishan, has resumed production.Ordinary steel-special steel-Taiyuan Arsenal, more than half of the industrial chain has come out, and then the output of Taiyuan Iron and Steel will rise steadily. At that time, coal washing and coking will not be a shortcoming.

The plans of Shenyang No. [-] and No. [-] machine tool factories have also been advanced. Anyway, Jilin Ferroalloy Factory has been advanced to the first batch, and the Shenyang machine is also advanced. This is very necessary. Tang Hua does not want to be able to produce industrial control computers in China. At that time, the country could not manufacture machine tools by itself.

Historically, the commissioning of the Shenyang Machine Tool Factory was considered to mark the end of the first stage of China's industrialization - the Chinese were finally able to produce machines that made machines.

Then there is the issue that Tang Hua is most concerned about when he is developing new weapons, optical instruments.The introduction plan added an optical instrument factory in Changchun, which will be developed into a comprehensive factory + research institute of optoelectronics in the future.In addition, China and East Germany signed an agreement to import equipment from East Germany to build an optical and precision instrument factory in Taiyuan, which can be regarded as walking on two legs.The dilapidated factory left by the Republic of China in Kunming is being checked and rectified. In the future, it should also be able to import some equipment and become the third optical factory.

These items are not worthy of Tang Hua calling a small meeting to discuss, because Tang Hua does not need to make too many changes. In the industrialization of the 50s, the most important thing was to "take volume", followed by some high-tech industrial technologies.Regardless of whether he uses the technology of the 30s or 40s, build dozens of sets first, and then increase the total domestic steel and electric power production.Even for the most common steel product—rebar for building buildings, there is a huge gap in China.Not to mention anything else, the new office buildings of the Electronics Industry Bureau, Beijing Computer Institute, and Beijing Communication Electronics Institute that Tang Hua applied for construction last year used very little steel, and many load-bearing structures were not poured with reinforced concrete, but super Thick brick walls instead.

……

"The number of ground artillery divisions we plan to introduce this time is quite a lot, 12 in total. We have not yet finalized the types of artillery divisions. Chief of Staff Xu, my opinion is to collect feedback from the frontline troops first. The 32nd Division has already participated in the battle, and at the same time, there is also the 8th Artillery Division, which has fully refitted and seized American weapons. How well these two divisions played in the battle, and how the cadres and soldiers of the frontline troops evaluate the artillery equipment in their hands, we choose It should be an important reference when determining the type of artillery division.”

1951年7月，中苏要谈判引进第二批苏式武器装备。由于朝鲜战场和全国各地部队的换装需求，这次的苏式装备引进量大大超过以往。这次要一口气引进36个步兵师的重武器和摩托化装备、12个地面炮兵师、12个高射炮兵师、2个坦克师加5个独立坦克团。

How to choose these weapons and equipment will take a while.

Xu Shuai was appointed as the head of the delegation to go to the Soviet Union for negotiations at the end of June (Tang Hua is too busy to go to the Soviet Union), and there is still more than a month to finalize the details of the project.

"Comparison between the 8th Artillery Division and the 32nd Artillery Division, Zhisi sent a detailed report," Xu Shuai said, "The American 155mm howitzer has been well received by the front-line troops. Not only the Artillery Division, Corps, but also Zhisi like it very much. Su Although the Chinese-style 152mm howitzer has a powerful range close to that of the American howitzer, it is not very convenient to maneuver, and it is easy to get stuck in the mud, so the movement and deployment of positions are relatively slow. But for now, we have no other choice except the Soviet-style 152mm howitzer , we cannot rely solely on the capture of American cannons to fight.”

Tang Hua: "It is still necessary to introduce a few howitzers. Rocket artillery... Forget it, it hasn't caught up with the war yet."

When the fifth campaign was launched, the first and only rocket artillery division imported from the Soviet Union had actually been refitted and arrived in Pyongyang on May 5.But there was a low-level oolong-the rocket launcher was driven up, and the purchase of rockets was delayed.Without shells, 4 or 13 BM-10 "Katyushas" had to lie in Pyongyang and wait for the rockets, which lasted for [-] days.During the period of waiting for the rocket, the artillery commander of the Volunteer Army sent a telegram every day. Among other things, the telegram scolded the General Logistics Department of the Volunteer Army.

Xu Shuai: "There is no need for rocket launchers to doubt. From the first battle to the present, everyone knows what role our 108mm rocket launcher has played in the battle. The 132mm Katyusha rocket launcher will only be more powerful. The introduction Among the 12 artillery divisions in China, there must be two rocket launchers."

Tang Hua: "Actually, I hope that in addition to the BM-13 Katyusha, we will introduce some more rocket launchers of this kind."

Xu Shuai picked up the information that Tang Hua pushed over, "BM-31 rocket launcher?...300mm caliber?!"

Tang Hua nodded, "It was also a rocket launcher developed and produced by the Soviet Union at the end of World War II, but it didn't catch up with the battle of World War II. BM-31-12 is the same as BM-13. It is mounted on a truck and has 12 tube launchers. The caliber is 300 mm, and its power is that of BM. -13 is several times. But the range is very short, the maximum range is more than 4300 meters."

Xu Shuai: "In the late period of World War II, was it a weapon specially used by the Soviet Union for assault and urban siege?"

Tang Hua: "That's right. The range is short, the power is great, and it is suitable for breaking the defense circle in the battle of the fortified battle. It also has a good effect in the offensive and defensive battles in North Korea's mountains."

Xu Shuai: "Then mix BM-13 and BM-31 in two rocket artillery divisions. Each rocket artillery division is equipped with a BM-31 regiment and... there are still three BM-13 regiments, let's make four artillery divisions .”

Tang Hua: "That's how the 12 artillery divisions were finalized. We imported part of the artillery shells of the rocket artillery divisions for use at the beginning. After that, Liu Nai and I plan to manufacture BM-13 and BM-31 rockets in Dalian, and the types of shells are also different. Diversify."