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In this way, the Yamato people speak their own language when they speak on weekdays, but they use Chinese characters when they write. This form is called "Classical Chinese Two Ways".At that time, all the characters used by the Japanese royal administration were Chinese characters, but Chinese characters were very difficult to learn, especially ancient Chinese at that time, which was even more difficult.Only scholars who can endure ten years of hard work can master Chinese characters, which in turn leads to the disadvantages of these scholars controlling the government.In order to solve the disadvantages, a trend of "breaking away from the Han" began to spread among the upper class in Japan.

Thus, a very important concept appeared, that is 'Manyo Kana'.

Manyo Kana, I seem to have heard of it somewhere.Meng Yixuan thought about it.

Well, Manyo Kana is the ancestor of Japanese Kana.The "fake" of kana means "borrow" in ancient Chinese, and the "name" means "character".Kana Kana, that is, borrowed words.What is borrowed? It is the sound and shape of Chinese characters, but its true meaning is not used.Manyo kana is a notation method that treats Chinese characters as simple phonetic symbols, such as the word "and" in "I and you", which is pronounced as yo in their own language, and later the font of the word "and" Slowly evolved into 'よ', purely for sound.Since it is only used for phonetic representation and does not need to be so rigorous, the writing method becomes more and more simplified, and finally the font slowly deforms, and then it is customary, and finally forms a kana style.Why is it called Manyo Kana? Because this writing style is an internal writing system developed by the women who copied the "Manyo Collection" in the ancient Japanese court over the years, it is called Manyo Kana.

I see.Meng Yixuan nodded, she really learned a lot today.

There are two types of kana in modern Japanese, hiragana and katakana.Manyo kana evolved into hiragana, and there is also a kind of katakana, which is written differently from hiragana, but has exactly the same pronunciation.How did katakana come about? This is the most interesting part. The hiragana formed from the many leaves kana is the writing of women.In order to solve the problem that Chinese characters are difficult to learn, men disassemble the radicals of Chinese characters for phonetic kana, which is katakana.So in ancient Japan, there were men's script and women's script. These two scripts used to be incompatible, and there was a distinction between men and women when writing a character. Isn't it interesting?

Meng Yixuan laughed, Huo Yan was talking about excitement, and continued:

At that time, there was a male writer in Japan named Ji Kanyuki, who once wrote a travelogue called "Tosa Diary" pretending to be a woman.Because he felt that Manyo's pseudonym was so useful, it would be a pity to abandon it for the so-called dignity of a man.It is precisely because he wrote under the pseudonym of Manyo that he created the female literature of the dynasty. A large number of female poets and writers wrote many works handed down from generation to generation, such as the famous "The Tale of Genji". Its author, Zi Shibu, was a female official in the palace at that time.Murasaki Shikibu is not her name, but her official title.

Ah? Zi Shibu is a woman. I always thought it was a man. Meng Yixuan exclaimed.

Yes, Huo Yan said with a smile. In ancient Japan, the female officials in the palace were named after their father and brother's official positions to show their identity. She belonged to the Fujiwara clan, and should have been called Fujishikibu, but because Ziji in "The Tale of Genji" was too popular, So later generations changed her name to Murasaki Shikibu.

Oh, let's not talk about this for now, let's talk about pseudonyms.The katakana of men's script and the hiragana of women's script, after hundreds of years of running-in changes, finally formed the two kana systems of modern Japanese.Originally, the use of hiragana was relatively common, and katakana was generally used to represent foreign words. With the progress of society, the use of katakana has become more and more common.We will talk about these later in class.What I want to emphasize is that we must keep in mind the pseudonyms of these two systems.

Huo Yan took a breath, took a sip of water, then looked at Meng Yixuan and said:

Did you understand what I just said?

Well, I understand.Meng Yixuan nodded.

Really? Huo Yan looked at her suspiciously.

Really, Meng Yixuan is a little bit dumbfounded, why does foreman Huo look at her like this, the content just now is not complicated, and foreman Huo explained it very methodically, it is not complicated at all to understand, is she so stupid?

We Chinese actually have a great advantage in learning Japanese, especially in the early stages.But in the later stage, you will find that Japanese is becoming more and more difficult to learn, well, it will be a long time later, it depends on your own ability to learn the language.By the way, we happen to have Japanese guests coming today, and then you will be able to see real Japanese people.

Meng Yixuan thought to herself: Foreman Huo used the word "living", as if the Japanese are some kind of rare animal, and the senior is half Japanese.Hmm, although I can't see it at all.

OK, let's continue.Now that we've finished talking about pseudonyms, let's talk about the fifty tone charts.The fifty-sound map is a phonetic map composed of many kana. These many kana are the most basic "letters" of Japanese. These kana will form vocabulary, vocabulary will form phrases, phrases will eventually form sentences, and sentences will form chapters.In professional terms, one kana in Japanese represents one syllable, so kana is actually a syllable letter.