Master Yuan, start!

Taking the Jiashen Right Army as an example, every soldier is equal, so the representatives elected by the soldiers naturally have the right to express the opinions of all soldiers."

Yuan Shikai integrated democratic ideas into Confucianism to reduce the resistance of these soldiers, which also paved the way for the large-scale spread of Red Confucianism later on.

When the time is right, Yuan Shikai will naturally promote the Red Confucian ideas in newspapers.

It doesn’t matter whether it is orthodox Confucianism or not, and it doesn’t matter whether it was said by Confucian sages or not. Anyway, Qin Shihuang burned all the Confucian classics from the pre-Qin period. From then on, the truly orthodox Confucianism disappeared!

That’s right, when Dong Zhongshu “abolished all schools of thought and respected Confucianism alone”, Confucius had been dead for more than 300 years.

This is like Chinese people in the 21st century trying to understand the living habits and behavioral norms of Chinese people during the Ming and Qing dynasties. They may find out some of the information, but it will ultimately be incomplete and inaccurate.

: The Qin Dynasty promoted the Legalist thought, while the two emperors Wen and Jing before Emperor Wu of Han promoted the Huang-Lao school of thought.

1. So, how did the official level achieve the shift in guiding ideology after Emperor Wu of Han?

At that time, communication conditions were not so developed. How did Dong Zhongshu make Confucianism popular again after the King of Qin burned books and buried scholars for sixty years?

This is like a liberal arts student who switches to science and immediately understands Ampere's law, the right-hand rule, and the law of conservation of mass. This is completely unrealistic.

7. Thinking about it this way, the appearance of Confucianism in the Han Dynasty becomes clear.

Dong Zhongshu's so-called Confucianism is precisely the combination of the legalism, Taoism, yin and yang handed down from the pre-Qin period with the fragments of Confucianism, which created the so-called "New Confucianism".

Jiu is a Confucian but not a Confucian. He is a Confucian in appearance but a Taoist in heart. This is the truth about Dong Zhongshu's Confucianism.

After all, the Confucian classics at that time came from a few ancient books dug out from the wall by later generations. These ancient books claimed to be the treasures of Confucianism and were said by ancient sages.

However, in the pre-Qin period, Chinese characters were still in their formative stages, and no one could clearly explain the meaning of each character in the Confucian classics.

This is why there was a dispute between modern and ancient texts in the early Han Dynasty. They were all dug up, so how can one be more orthodox than the other?

Since Dong Zhongshu could sew, Yuan Xiangcheng could naturally sew as well.

After entering the Pass, there will be great scholars to debate for me!

Now, the great enlightenment of the last Confucian sage of the 20th century is right before my eyes, and I have to consider whether this will be my only chance in this lifetime.

I believe that China’s past dominant position was largely due to the contributions of Confucius, Mencius, the Emperor Qin Shi Huang and the Emperor Wu of Han.

It is our responsibility to restore China’s glory!

I, Yuan Xiangcheng, will become a saint of this age and be deified instantly!"

After shaking his head, which was a little groggy due to excessive divergent thinking, Yuan Xiangcheng continued to focus on reality.

"However, what Comrade Wang San asked just now is also very reasonable. If a war breaks out, you have your methods and I have mine, and this war will not be won.

Therefore, when the Soldiers' Representative Congress was first established, I said that this was just a temporary expedient used by the soldiers of the Jiashen Right Army when they were separated from the main force.

If the battalion commander or assistant commander is nearby, they can just follow their superiors' orders. There's no need to listen to anyone else's opinions, only their superiors."

After hearing Yuan Xiangcheng's words, some people in the carriage nodded affirmatively.

Yuan Xiangcheng was speechless when he saw this.

These words were written in black and white on the soldiers' representative system when the soldiers' representative congress was first established. These people who nodded must not have read them carefully.

In the future, Qu Nan must implement the military literacy system properly. He cannot postpone it from today to tomorrow, and from tomorrow to the day after tomorrow. If he cannot recognize 100 words in a year,

Recovering his scattered thoughts, Yuan Xiangcheng continued, "As for the situation where the SI unit accidentally separated from the main force and was forced to face the enemy alone, it doesn't mean that the soldier representatives can do whatever they want.

We in the Red Confucian Society advocate democracy, but democracy must also have rules and limits.

When fighting alone, a committee of three people, headed by a military commander, a political instructor, and a soldier representative, will jointly lead the troops in combat.

But in combat, unless a military commander is willing to lead everyone to commit suicide or jump into a fire pit, he naturally has the power to make military decisions."

Having said this, seeing that everyone agreed with him, Yuan Xiangcheng took the opportunity to start selling his second private item.

"Democracy within a three-member committee is not ordinary democracy.

The three people in the committee have to lead everyone to survive in adversity, so naturally they have to find the best way.

"So, when it comes to marching and fighting, who is best at it, the military commander, the political instructor, or the soldier representative?" Yuan Xiangcheng asked.

This time, everyone said in unison: "Of course, the military commander has more combat experience."

"Yes!" Yuan Xiangcheng gave an affirmative answer.

"This is what I'm going to talk about next, the system of democracy. Democracy is to collect the opinions of the broadest possible number of soldiers, and after collecting those opinions.

It is up to the military commander to make the most correct decision: whether to fight or run.

I can't take my brothers with me into the fire, but I can't just run away and become a useless person.

Before making a decision, the three-member committee can discuss it to their heart's content, even argue with each other, and ultimately vote by raising hands, with the decision of whichever side has the most votes being the decision.

But once a conclusion is reached after discussion, if the losers continue to clamor about democracy, that is not the democracy of our Red Confucian Society.

When the time comes, such people can go wherever they want. As for the military commander, I will have Duan Qirui remove his armor; as for the political instructor, I will have Qu Nan dismiss him; as for the soldier representative, I will personally order a new election.

Yuan Xiangcheng explained to everyone in the carriage the process of how to correctly exercise democratic centralism from beginning to end.

Of course, these rules also exist in the soldier representative system, but Yuan Xiangcheng is taking this opportunity today to describe them in full.

"Comrades, do you all understand?" Yuan Xiangcheng's legs were a little sore from standing, but he still stood straight and asked.

"Head Instructor, I understand!"

Yuan Xiangcheng looked out the window and it seemed that he could clearly distinguish the shapes of the trees along the way, as if his eyesight had improved?

No, it should be that the train slowed down!

At this moment, a series of "beep" and "beep" sounds came from the front side of the car.

Ming Ye, who was on guard in another carriage to prevent anyone from approaching, heard a voice:

"Chief Instructor, Comrades, we have arrived at Yizhou Station!"

Chapter 111: There is much to do in this world! End of Volume

Although the coastal lands of Andong and Yizhou have been eroded by sea water for thousands of years, the Yalu River carries silt into the sea every year, and the coast has rarely avoided becoming saline-alkali land.

From Yizhou, North Korea in the north to the Yellow Sea in the south, the arable land area on both sides of the Yalu River is an astonishing 120 million mu. Even if construction land and industrial land are excluded, there is still nearly 100 million mu.

Yuan Shikai settled nearly 4 people from the Northeast on both sides of the Taiwan Strait to cultivate the 100 million acres of land together, and half of these lands belonged to the Production and Construction Corps of the Jiashen Right Army.

However, today, a dispute has arisen on both sides of the Yalu River, which was originally peaceful.

There were so many people that it even caused a small-scale fight, forcing Yuan Xiangcheng to temporarily postpone his idea of ​​taking a boat to Andong on the other side and plan to deal with the matter first.

Hundreds of vanguard troops who got off the train, including Yuan Xiangcheng, were waiting for the latest information.

Ming Ye rode over from a distance and figured out what had happened: "Chief Instructor, there's a dispute between the people who came from Guandong and the people from the Production and Construction Corps!"

"what happened?"

Without waiting for Ming Ye to stop, Yuan Xiangcheng immediately jumped on his horse, lightly stepped on the horse's belly, and headed towards the place where the crowd was gathering to fight.

As they walked and talked along the way, Yuan Xiangcheng finally understood the whole story.

It turned out that after the people who had crossed the Guandong Pass arrived here, they gradually split into two distinct groups.

One group was self-cultivating farmers, who either arrived at the two sides of the Yalu River from the country on their own or crossed the sea on the ships of the Jiashen Right Army.

One is the Production and Construction Corps, most of whom were recruited by the Jiashen Right Army. Some of their family members, children, relatives and friends joined the Jiashen Right Army, or they themselves were disabled veterans of the Jiashen Right Army.

The two groups had originally lived in peace with each other, not interfering with each other, and had worked together to cultivate land on both sides of the Yalu River in the Sino-North Korean border area.

However, as the population gradually increased, the amount of arable land available became less, and the contradictions of the small peasant economy gradually emerged.

Intensive farming, self-sufficiency and fragility are inevitable characteristics of the small peasant economy.

Although the people who went to Guandong had nearly 20 mu of arable land per person, it was at best just a larger small peasant economy and did not eradicate the drawbacks.

The contradiction between people and land is no longer acute, and the contradiction between people has become the main contradiction.

With good weather, the harvest this year was good. After paying the land tax, the farmers still had a lot of grain left, which could be converted into some surplus in silver.

However, the northern part of North Korea is extremely short of water this year.

The farmers who came to Guandong from Zhili, Shandong and other places planted wheat, which is extremely water-intensive.

So seeing that there was no hope of a good harvest, a considerable number of people sold their land to the Production and Construction Corps.

Doesn’t the Production and Construction Corps have any trouble with water shortage?

Yes, but it's very small.

The Production and Construction Corps has farmers' associations at all levels, from the most basic village farmers' associations to township farmers' associations, county farmers' associations, and regional farmers' associations.

Of course, at present, the Farmers’ Association only exists at the border between North Korea and China. It has not yet been fully promoted and is not open to the public, so ordinary people dare to have disputes with members of the Farmers’ Association.

Under the coordination of higher authorities, the Production and Construction Corps would build irrigation canals during the slack season to divert water from the Yalu River to irrigate the Corps farms on both sides of the river.

In addition to this, the Farmers' Association will also provide the Production and Construction Corps with assistance such as guidance on farming techniques, lending seeds or farm tools, purchasing agricultural products, opening agricultural experimental fields, and holding agricultural product appraisal meetings.

In recent years, at the suggestion of the farmers' association, most of the crops grown on the farms of the Production and Construction Corps are soybeans.

Farmers from North China who came to the Northeast often chose to plant the wheat they were familiar with in their hometown in the first few years because they did not understand the habits of crops.

Compared with drought-resistant crops such as soybeans, wheat's water requirement is undoubtedly exaggerated.

So when faced with such a dry season this year, they naturally faced the problem of water shortage.

In previous years, when faced with this situation, independent farmers would often choose to sell their land to the Production and Construction Corps when faced with the threat of a complete crop failure.

0 got some money, waited until winter to take a train south to Seoul, found a job as a dock laborer for a few months, and came back in the spring to cultivate new land and become a self-employed farmer again.

Fourth, as the arable land along the Yalu River becomes increasingly smaller, the land they can cultivate becomes increasingly remote and often on slopes, causing severe soil erosion.

So this year, even though the harvest has dropped sharply, a large number of self-cultivating farmers are unwilling to sell their land.

Instead, they set their sights on the Production and Construction Corps' canals. When winter came and the Corps was organizing the digging of canals, they secretly diverted the canals to their own farmland.

As a result, a dispute arose.

Since ancient times, disputes over water channels have always been an important cause of large-scale conflicts in rural areas. Although there are few people and much land on both sides of the Yalu River, the farmers in the Corps will never show mercy in the face of such a situation. Hundreds of people confront each other on the ridges of the fields with hoes, shovels and wooden sticks.

There was also a lame retired soldier standing by with a musket to maintain order and prevent bloodshed.

Yuan Xiangcheng dismounted from a distance, and only after he got closer could he hear clearly what the two groups were arguing about.

"You are a bunch of cannibals who take advantage of natural disasters every year to seize the land of my fellow villagers! I told you today to return my land, but now you won't even allow me to divert the irrigation canal?"

"What do you mean by embezzlement? You are quite unreasonable. Have the people in my regiment ever used threats or inducements against you?

You sold the land to us voluntarily, so why are you turning the tables on us today?