Master Yuan, start!

Some time ago, the Yangban rebelled frequently and colluded with the Japanese. I followed your advice and stabilized the situation in Korea in Seoul, and severely rebuked those small and medium-sized Yangban who had impure intentions and wanted to take advantage of the opportunity to cause trouble.

Have I made any contribution to you?"

"It's more than just a contribution. Brother Shengchu, you toiled day and night to keep the rear safe. Your contribution is greater than that of me, the Minister of Haidong. You are only just second to the Right Army of Jiashen.

What's more, before I came to Korea, you faced the Japanese threat alone for nearly ten years, but you were still able to maintain Korea's independence. I admire you very much! "Yuan Xiangcheng didn't know what Jin Bingshi was up to, so he could only praise Jin Bingshi's contributions over the years.

Jin Bingshi's mood eased slightly after hearing this: "Wei Ting, I didn't want to be a burden to you during the war. I did my best to mobilize Korean manpower and material resources to help you. I also asked you several times to severely punish the rebellious yangban and show no mercy.

But today all the rebel yangban have been executed. As one of the few members of the Yuan faction in the court, I can't help but keep a little incense for the Korean literati.

Wei Ting, Korea's annexation into China is a foregone conclusion, so why bother making things difficult for the millions of Korean scholars in the eight provinces?

It turned out that he came to beg for mercy. Yuan Xiangcheng's warm expression gradually became a little cold. Looking at Jin Bingshi in front of him, he didn't know how to face him.

When suppressing the Japanese army and the Korean rebel yangban, Kim Byung-shi really helped him a lot. Without him, the political situation in Seoul might have been in chaos. He would have to spend more time and manpower to sort out the Korean political situation, and the attack and encirclement of the Japanese would not have been so smooth.

I thought he was so resolute because he had cut off all ties with the yangban, but I didn't expect that he was still unable to escape the scope of traditional Confucianism since the Ming and Qing dynasties, and wanted to be the savior of the Joseon yangban.

Yes, Yuan Xiangcheng felt relieved when he thought of this. After all, he was a scholar who had received a complete Confucian education. No matter how much he aspired to be a great country, it was difficult for him to understand the meaning behind Yuan Xiangcheng's equal distribution of land. He was still stuck in the traditional Confucian idea of ​​farming to support studies and imperial examinations to produce scholars.

But Yuan Xiangcheng also felt a little lonely and wanted to get rid of Jin Bingshi as soon as possible and have a good talk with everyone in the Red Confucian Society, especially Ma Xiangbo and Qu Nan, about Marx's theory of land nationalization.

In the traditional Confucian society built by the ideas of people like Jin Bingshi, it is obvious that the small-scale farming of each household is not enough to support a full-time scholar. If Yuan Shikai forced this to happen, it would undoubtedly prevent Korean scholars from studying and artificially reduce the number of scholars of an era.

Judging from what Yuan Xiangcheng had done in recent days, Jin Bingshi believed that Yuan Xiangcheng did not have much respect for Confucianism and Confucianism, but instead blindly promoted Western affairs and Western learning.

Under Yuan Shikai's suppression, few young people in Seoul were willing to study traditional Confucianism, and the imperial examinations in Korea were suspended once on the grounds of war with Yuan Shikai's approval.

If the imperial examination system had not still existed, most people would probably have gone to Yuan Xiangcheng's new-style school to learn new knowledge, and the scholars who were still studying the Four Books and Five Classics were mostly from wealthy families who had no worries about food and clothing, such as the yangban or the sons of wealthy gentry.

This means that if Yuan Shikai eliminated the rebellious Yangban and then used the equal distribution of land to deal with the Korean gentry, all landlords would go bankrupt in a short period of time. After bankruptcy, they would no longer have a worry-free environment for food and clothing. In addition, the imperial examination would be delayed, and fewer and fewer people would study traditional Confucianism, and Korea would also be at risk of cultural heritage being cut off.

But Jin Bingshi did not know that what Yuan Shixiang wanted to do was not simply to distribute the land equally, nor was it to directly distribute the land to the farmers. Instead, he wanted to nationalize the land first and then distribute it as appropriate.

Only after the nationalization of land can Yuan Xiangcheng have the final decision-making power. Only then can he use the nationalized land to promote large-scale industrialization. The small peasant economy is doomed to fail.

If Yuan Shikai had only insisted on equal distribution of land, he would undoubtedly have fallen into the vicious circle of land annexation that had lasted for thousands of years, which would have been no different from the land grant system of the Sui and Tang dynasties. The military garrison system collapsed in just a few decades, so what Yuan Shikai wanted was not simply equal distribution of land, but land reform.

Developing industry is not just about introducing capital and technology. It requires long-term and continuous investment, as well as the construction of subsequent supporting industrial facilities. Once it has developed to a certain level, a host of issues need to be considered, including the establishment of an industrial system.

Land is needed for mining and setting up factories, and land is also needed for the various basic supporting measures surrounding various industrial constructions.

And in whose hands is the land concentrated?

The land is in the hands of big landlords, small landlords, rich peasants, middle peasants and small peasants, but mainly in the hands of the first two.

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Moreover, in the early stages of industrialization, the primitive accumulation of capital had to rely on transactions between industry and agriculture, and between cities and rural areas. However, the overly dispersed nature of the small peasant economy caused transaction costs to rise infinitely.

The land is in the hands of the landlords, and they can decide what to plant. If the price of grain is high, they plant grain; if the price of vegetables is high, they plant vegetables.

Suppose Yuan Xiangcheng needs cotton as raw material to build a cotton mill, but Yuan Xiangcheng thinks it is too expensive to buy it from abroad and wants to grow it on a large scale in his own country to reduce costs.

Then where will Yuan Xiangcheng find land to farm?

The land is in the hands of the landlords. Will they plant cotton honestly? They can only use coercion and inducement. If they use inducement, the cost will be huge. It would be better to buy cotton from abroad.

If they were using threats, why didn't they raid the landlords' houses and carry out thorough land reform right from the start?

If there had been no land reform, Yuan Shikai's plan to start large-scale industry would undoubtedly have been wishful thinking. Why did he concentrate most of the sites on the islands off the coast of Incheon? Was it just for the convenience of transportation?

The reason for the swelling is that the land price near Gyeonggi Province in North Korea is very high. He cannot raise a large amount of land for industrial construction without turning the table over. Therefore, he has no choice but to build a factory on a small island that is severely eroded by sea water and difficult to grow food.

Fortunately, this island is right next to Incheon and close enough to Seoul, so Yuan Shikai's industrial plan did not fail. Otherwise, the disadvantage brought by the inconvenient transportation would have caused big problems for his industrial start-up.

What are land reform and industrialization? In simple terms, it involves dismantling feudal private land ownership controlled by the landlord class into small peasant private ownership, which is then integrated into national land ownership by the state. The state then uses the land to develop heavy industry, while compensating the landless small peasants and integrating them into the urban population.

The key point is that this process is led by the state.

If land reform is not carried out at this time and land is not nationalized, North Korea, which has already been involved in the capitalist world market, will gradually give rise to big compradors, capitalists, and big capitalists, and landlords and capitalists will carry out private land annexation in accordance with economic laws.

By then, bankrupt farmers would sell their land to rural landlords and go to the city to sell their labor. Not only would the farmers suffer more, but the country's hidden dangers would also become increasingly serious.

On the one hand, the state cannot control the types of industries that capitalists invest in. The heavy industries that the state needs, such as steel, shipbuilding, machinery and other industries, will discourage many capitalists because of the large initial investment and high risks.

Light industry, however, requires little investment and produces quick results, but often faces disorderly investment and competition from a large number of capitalists, wasting national resources.

: On the other hand, it is even more fatal, because the scale of landless peasants cannot be controlled. In the later stage, the situation of sheep eating people will break out like in Britain, and the proletariat will grow rapidly.

Yuan Shikai did not want to see so many poor proletarians in China under his rule in the future. They were already suffering a lot. If he had a choice, he would rather let them suffer for China's rise than let them suffer for the greed of individual capitalists for pleasure.

Yuan Shikai would rather let the country become the largest capitalist than let big capital be controlled by private individuals.

If it is the former, the capital gains can be used by the state machinery to distribute benefits to the entire population in areas such as medical care and pensions.

7. If it is the latter, the people will never be able to turn their lives around from generation to generation.

There is no doubt that Kim Byung-si and Kim Hong-ki misunderstood. They thought that Yuan Shikai's upcoming equal distribution of land in Korea was an attempt to sever the Korean cultural heritage.

9 Yuan Shikai knew the final consequences of land privatization. If one could not keep up with the wave of industrialization, he would be doomed to be abandoned by the times.

Yuan Shikai was somewhat distressed when he saw that his loyal friend was unwilling to implement equal land distribution in Korea. After all, Korea was different from China, and there was still a sense of alienation. What he had to do now was to make Korea return to China as soon as possible.

"Returning to China is the most important thing. Is it necessary to promote universal industrialization in North Korea?"

Thinking of this, Yuan Xiangcheng had an idea in his mind, and he could no longer suppress it. He nodded slightly and said to the two of them: "The equal distribution of land is imperative, but the form can be slightly modified.

According to official statistics, the per capita arable land in North Korea last year was only about 2 mu. Farmers' income is too little, and many more people are landless poor who help landlords farm. This situation must not happen again.

30 years is a buffer period for landlords who are unwilling to distribute the land equally. If they agree to distribute the land equally, the conditions for redemption of the land and priority participation in factory shares will remain unchanged as previously agreed.

If they do not agree to redeem the land immediately, they can be given a 30-year buffer period, but the land rent must be reduced to a maximum of 4% of the annual output, and cannot exceed this upper limit.

Since the Koreans are unwilling to promote full industrialization now, then forget it. Yuan Shikai also gave up the idea of ​​tough land reform.

At the same time, there was also a little selfish motive in his heart. Korea was the birthplace of Yuan Shikai. If it was later incorporated into China and the land reform was fully completed, Korea would undoubtedly have a huge first-mover advantage.

After all, the North Koreans are not completely Chinese at this moment. It would be fine if the newspapers were trying to deceive the North Koreans with the "North Korea-China Theory", but it would be foolish to fool oneself into it.

With the political resources brought by the political high ground and the social resources obtained after the full completion of land reform, North Korea can easily complete industrialization by relying on the resources of all China after the full land reform.

If the North Korean economy is allowed to rely on political and social resources to achieve comprehensive economic take-off, then North Korea is likely to develop into a southern fishing village in the future, or an enlarged version.

That is, they obey the central government on the surface, but in fact do not make any contribution to the development of the national economy. Instead, they have to consume a lot of administrative costs to maintain national unity.

Yuan Xiangcheng was unwilling to see such a situation. He did not want to see the Korean gang occupying the high-level political arena in the future. However, since he made his fortune in Korea, he could not avoid relying on the power of the Koreans.

Although efforts were made to avoid this phenomenon, among the 30000 soldiers of the Jiashen Right Army, there were still nearly Koreans.

Even if Chinese language is taught in the army and the people are gradually assimilated, Yuan Shikai does not want Korea to play an important role in the future military and political circles as a province of China.

Without comprehensive land reform, North Korea will be a lame country, and its development ceiling will not be too high. With a land area of ​​22 square kilometers, nearly 80% of the country is mountainous. At best, its status will be like that of Hunan Province in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.

By then, China will have many talented people and will definitely be able to suppress North Korea.

Chapter 80 The King of Joseon Visits Relatives in Hebei

Since it had been decided to temporarily use the "40% rent reduction" to replace part of the land reform in Korea, Yuan Shikai decided to make a tacit deal with the local gentry in Korea and let the Korean gentry offer their loyalty. Otherwise, if the gentry accepted Yuan's favor but did not return the favor, it would be a violation of etiquette.

Excluding the rebellious yangban and the surrendered landlords, about half of the remaining gentry in North Korea actively supported the 40% rent reduction initiative.

There is no other reason. It was originally a disaster that required all the land to be divided up, but now it has turned into only collecting 30% of the rent within 4 years. Although it is a bit low, it is better than giving all the land to others.

Logically speaking, this was a good policy, but Kim Byung-si and Kim Hong-jip came out of Gyeongbokgung Palace with heavy feelings of worry.

Although North Korea has escaped the pressure of war, the two of them are still worried about the task that Yuan Shikai had just entrusted to them in the palace.

"I need you to wait and impeach the king. Don't worry, I won't harm his life."

They didn't understand why Yuan Shikai was so anxious to get them to promote a political trend against King Lee Hee in the court when Korea was already firmly integrated with the Qing Dynasty. Did he really want to depose the King of Korea?

What's more, has there ever been a law in the past dynasties to impeach the monarch? If this is done, wouldn't all the officials in Korea become people without a monarch and no father?

Whether Korea is in chaos or order now, it only takes a word from Yuan Shikai. The cooperation between Korean gentry and Yuan Shikai is naturally a win-win situation.

If they were unwilling to cooperate, Yuan Xiangcheng could have relied on the Jiashen Right Army to clean up the eight provinces of Korea, and he would have still won. It would just be a waste of time and effort, and it would depend on whether Yuan Xiangcheng was willing to put in the effort.

Jin Bingshi was a little puzzled and didn't understand why Yuan Xiangcheng had to keep pestering King Li Xi.

If you have this energy, you, Yuan Shikai, might as well use the Jiashen Right Army to plow through Korea. In this way, whatever you say in Korea in the future will be the truth, even if you want to become the king of Korea, it will be fine.

But you don't want to be king, but you are still obsessed with the king. What are you planning?

As one of the major leaders of the Sildaemi faction in Korea, Kim Byung-shi was not in a very good mood at the moment. After all, he felt some sympathy for the death of the rebel yangban, and was also a little confused about Yuan Shikai's entanglement with the king.

But his mood was not that bad. Yuan Shikai's further control over the situation in Korea meant that no other faction in Korea would hinder the Shida faction, and he could achieve great things in Korea with the help of Yuan Shikai.

In the future, I am afraid there will only be a difference between the cautious and radical factions.

But all this was the result of Yuan Xiangcheng and the Jiashen Right Army fighting hard, as well as Yuan Xiangcheng's personal wise decision. If he had chosen to take a step back in the face of the rebellion of the Korean yangban and merge with the yangban, it would be hard to say what the current situation in Korea would become.

As for Kim Hong-jip's theory that Yuan Shikai agreed to postpone the equal distribution of land because he saw that the gentry of Korea were united and was afraid that forced equal distribution of land would cause another rebellion in the eight provinces of Korea, Kim Byung-shi didn't take it seriously at all.

In his view, it was precisely because Yuan Shikai was close to the point of covering the sky with one hand in Korea that he could relax the pressure on the Korean gentry and use the "2% rent reduction" to ease the confrontation with the Korean feudal forces.

Just like a raccoon cat always plays with a mouse after catching it, the raccoon cat has the ability to catch the mouse again after it runs away.

He had known Yuan Shikai for five years and knew that he was not a soft-hearted person. If the situation in Korea was unstable, he would not make peace with the gentry even if it meant killing a lot of people.

The wealthy and powerful families that now had some power were either uprooted by Yuan Shikai under the pretext of suppressing the rebellion, or were brutally wiped out during the Japanese raids.

There was no force at the Korean poker table that could compete with Yuan Shikai. That was why he pretended to be magnanimous and allowed some gentry to reduce rent instead of equalizing land.

Moreover, Yuan Shikai was not a kind-hearted person. After the rebel yangban's homes were ransacked, their families were destroyed. The blood relatives in the family were divided into two camps, men and women. After their identities were identified, they were pushed to the Incheon dock to wait for being sent to the Qing Dynasty to perform hard labor. The scene of separation of flesh and blood made anyone who saw it cry.

But there was no other way. Jin Bingshi could understand that leaving this group of people in Korea would always be a hidden danger. After all, they had an irreconcilable feud with Yuan Shikai. Fortunately, the process went very quickly. In just over ten days, all the families of the rebels had been checked and boarded the ship to set sail.

However, what worried Jin Bingshi was not this problem, but the impeachment of the king that Yuan Xiangcheng had just told him and Jin Hongji in the palace.

"Shengchu Jin Bingshi, are you really going to carry out this matter?" Jin Hongji followed Jin Bingshi closely and asked anxiously after leaving the palace.

"Jingneng Jin Hongji's calligraphy, is there any better way now? There is no other way to save Korea." After Jin Bingshi thought about Yuan Xiangcheng's methods in his mind, he found that he could only follow his wishes.

"Could it be that Yuan Xiangcheng is thinking..." Jin Hongji looked around. Although there was no one around, he still approached Jin Bingshi cautiously and whispered in his ear, "Could it be that he is thinking of deposing the king and establishing himself as the king?"

It is not surprising that Jin Hongji has such an idea. Anyone who looks at what Yuan Xiangcheng has done these days will feel that Yuan Xiangcheng has great ambitions.

When the rebellion broke out, Yuan Shikai first issued a decree called the Korean Conscription Order, which nominally announced that soldiers would be conscripted from the people of the eight provinces of Korea to deal with the rebellious yangban and the Japanese.

But there's another very strange clause in this conscription order: "Except for the military officially recognized by both North Korea and China, no other individual or group in North Korea has the right to form an armed force of more than 100 people, not even local government officials."

At that time, Jin Hongji did not notice anything wrong. He just thought that this was a decree issued by Yuan Shikai to target the rebellious Yangban. Now it seems that Yuan Shikai had already made some plans.

What does "an army officially recognized by both China and North Korea" mean? There are many armies officially recognized by North Korea. The Gapsin Right Army is one, the Seoul Patrol Army is one, and the Joseon Beulgi Army is another. Although the latter two armies are relatively useless and have been defeated repeatedly, they are also an armed force controlled by the North Korean government.

The only army officially recognized by China was the Jiashen Right Army.