Dreaming back to 1949, the great powers were there to deceive us

In order to write a reply, Lao Hu racked his brains and had thousands of words in his mind, but when he put pen to paper, he couldn't write a single word.

Unable to write, Hu Zhenhua simply threw down his pen and stood in front of the window to smoke. Perhaps because he was afraid that the smoke would affect the calligraphy, Old Hu put out the cigarette.

After a long time, Hu Zhenhua suddenly had an idea and decided to give the newborn Republic a gift: a simplified Chinese character table!

In fact, the promotion of simplified characters has a long history. In the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, some scholars and cultural figures began to pay attention to the simplification of Chinese characters.

In 1909, Lu Feikui published his paper, "The Use of Vernacular Characters in General Education," in the inaugural issue of the Journal of Education. This was the first public advocacy of simplified Chinese characters. Since then, scholars have continuously proposed proposals and proposals for the simplification of Chinese characters.

In August 1935, the Ministry of Education of the National Government announced the "First List of Simplified Chinese Characters", which included 8 characters, some of which are still in use today, such as: qi, wu, shi, shi, wei, hui, guang, etc.

In order to promote literacy, the Chinese Character Reform Association was established on October 1949, 10, just after the founding of the Republic, and began to systematically study and organize simplified Chinese characters.

After six years of hard work, in 6, the country passed a resolution to promote simplified Chinese characters and officially started the promotion work.

The formation of any text requires a lot of research and demonstration. Directly displaying the results, like Hu Zhenhua, is a bit like forcing things to happen.

But Lao Hu still decided to do so. As to whether to use it or not, he left it to the expert group to discuss.

As for some people doubting the origin of these words, it is easy to explain: our old Hu is a genius!

Before he knew it, it was two o'clock in the afternoon, and Hu Zhenhua welcomed three special guests: Guan Tianpei, Dai Zong, and He Baoyi.

They are all responsible for economic work.

Hu Zhenhua hasn't acted cool for a long time and feels uncomfortable all over. Today he decided to show off his skills.

Hu Zhenhua wrote five words on the blackboard with chalk: resources, production, distribution, exchange, and consumption!

Lao Hu dropped the chalk and said,

“These are the five key elements of an economy!”

Resources are the basis of economic activities, including natural resources (such as land, minerals, forests, water, etc.), human resources (physical and mental strength of workers), and capital (physical capital and monetary capital such as machinery and equipment, factory buildings, etc.).

Production is the process of transforming resources into products or services, including choosing what to produce and how to produce it (what technology and organizational form to use).

Distribution refers to the division of products or income among different economic entities (individuals, enterprises, governments, etc.). For example, wages are a form of income distribution for workers, while profits are the distributed income of business owners or investors.

Exchange is the process by which economic entities obtain the goods or services they need through exchange. A common place for exchange is the market, where there are various trading activities. The price mechanism plays a key regulatory role in the exchange process.

Consumption is the ultimate goal of economic activities. Consumers purchase and use products or services, and their consumption needs and preferences will also have a reverse effect on the production, distribution and exchange links.

Guan Tianpei, Dai Zong and He Baoyi are all economists, so they naturally understand the meaning of these five elements.

After taking notes, He Baoyi said,

In terms of resources, the prolonged war stagnated and damaged the development of natural resources. Many mines ceased production, and forests were over-cut to meet the needs of the war. In terms of human resources, a large number of labor forces were reduced due to war casualties, and the general physical fitness and cultural level of the people were low, resulting in a lack of sufficient skilled workers. At the same time, industrial capital was scarce, and many factories had outdated equipment, were damaged, or had been transferred by the Kuomintang. Funds were also extremely scarce.

In the production sector, industrial production was paralyzed by war damage, with factories in most cities halted. For example, many factories in industrialized regions like Northeast China were bombed and looted. Agricultural production also faced difficulties. Farmland irrigation facilities were in disrepair, and farmers lacked means of production, resulting in low efficiency in traditional agriculture.

As for distribution, there is only so much social wealth, and there are too many people and too little resources to distribute it.

In terms of exchange, the domestic market was in chaos. The old commercial system had collapsed, and paralyzed transportation hampered the flow of goods. Trade between urban and rural areas, and between regions, was hampered. Furthermore, the promotion of the renminbi had only just begun, and establishing a monetary credit system would take time, making normal commercial exchange difficult.

In terms of consumption, most people are struggling to make ends meet, and there is insufficient demand for industrial products, which has made it difficult to resume production and hindered the smooth economic cycle.

Dai Zong nodded slightly and said,

"A good cook cannot cook without rice!"

Hu Zhenhua stood up and wrote another word on the blackboard: currency!

"Let me give you an example. A few months ago, Liu Anmin had just taken over as president of Chongming Development Bank. He wanted to build a headquarters building, but he had no money. So, how did he go about it?"

"How does it work?"

"He only made one request of me, which was to allow ordinary people to use banknotes to buy food. With this move, the banknotes gained credibility. Liu Anmin used banknotes to pay for the project, and the bank building and more than a dozen office buildings sprang up!"

Dai Zong frowned and asked in confusion,

"The building is built, but how are we going to balance the bills later?"

"It's simple. With the income from renting out the office building, we can then withdraw the banknotes we invested and cancel them!"

Hu Zhenhua suddenly grinned,

"The price of banknotes against rice and dollars has plummeted. If Liu Anmin were a little more ruthless, he could immediately take back most of the banknotes."

He Baoyi pondered for a moment and asked a key question:

"Why didn't President Liu take the opportunity to withdraw the banknotes?"

Hu Zhenhua grinned and replied,

"Ms. He, you've hit the nail on the head! It's not that Liu Anmin doesn't want to do it, but he doesn't have the authority to do it! Chongming Development Bank is the referee, and they can't play the game. Otherwise, where is their credibility? That's why it's clearly stipulated in the bank's charter: their responsibility is to regulate the total amount of money in Chongming County and supervise other financial institutions!"

Lao Hu knocked on the table and said seriously,

"Power must be caged, otherwise it will breed corruption!"

Dai Zong thought of something and asked,

"President Liu's use of banknotes to build the headquarters and office buildings appears to violate the principles of adjudication."

What he meant was that by leasing properties, banks were running a business that had nothing to do with their charter.

Hu Zhenhua laughed and replied,

"This also touches upon another function of the Chongming Development Bank: maintaining financial stability! Liu Anmin didn't do this privately; he had my authorization! Of course, I've lost that authority now, and from now on, only the county government's financial office can exercise that authorized function. Of course, Liu Anmin's property construction also has historical issues. If you're interested, you can go to Chongming and take a look."

Dai Zong nodded slightly and said,

"We've already done our research. Liu Anmin has the support of his company and sufficient grain to back him up. But our Party can't afford that. We're broke. If we increase the currency issuance, it will immediately cause inflation!"

"will not!"

"How can this be!"

……