The Rise of the Youth in the War of Resistance

When the term "Autumn Harvest Uprising" entered Zhao Shao's ears, he exploded.

He didn't understand anything else, but he remembered this incident particularly clearly.

Why?

Back to the beginning of my memory, the book reads:

After the August 7th Conference, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Mao Zedong and Peng Gongda, alternate members of the Provisional Politburo, to Hunan Province to convey the spirit of the August 7th Conference, reorganize the Hunan Provincial Party Committee, launch the Autumn Harvest Uprising, and designate Mao Zedong as the Central Special Envoy and Peng Gongda as the Provincial Party Committee Secretary.

In mid-August, Peng Gongda and Mao Zedong arrived in Changsha from Wuhan one after another.

From August 8 to 18, the reorganized Hunan Provincial Committee held several meetings to discuss the issue of launching the Autumn Harvest Uprising.

Regarding the area of ​​the riot, after repeated discussions, the meeting accepted Mao Zedong's proposal to narrow the scope of the riot.

It was believed that based on the subjective and objective conditions of Hunan Province, the area of ​​the riot should not be too large or too numerous, but rather forces should be concentrated in seven counties (towns) with better conditions, centered on the provincial capital Changsha, including Xiangtan, Ningxiang, Liling, Liuyang, Pingjiang, Yueyang in Hunan Province and Anyuan in Jiangxi Province.

The meeting held that an armed uprising could not rely solely on the strength of the peasants and required one or two regiments of troops as the backbone;

At the same time, the armed uprising should no longer be carried out under the banner of the Skinheads, but should directly be carried out under the banner of the Communist Party.

The meeting also considered that:

"The current land revolution has reached the stage of fundamentally abolishing the land rent system and overthrowing the landlord regime. The Party's policy towards the peasants at this time should be for the poor peasants to lead the middle peasants, hold the rich peasants in check, and carry out a complete land revolution to overthrow the landlord system."

Mao Zedong emphasized at the meeting:

"Our party's previous mistake was to neglect the military. Now we should 'seize power and build political power by the barrel of a gun'."

To lead the Autumn Harvest Uprising, the Hunan Provincial Committee decided to establish two leadership bodies: a front committee composed of leaders of various troops, with Mao Zedong as secretary;

The first is an action committee composed of the heads of county party committees, with Yi Lirong as secretary.

The uprising was scheduled to start on September 9th, with the destruction of the railway beginning. On the 9th, all counties would simultaneously revolt. On the 11th, Changsha would revolt. On the 15th, all the uprising forces would gather in Changsha and seize Changsha.

At that time, the armed forces led and controlled by the Communist Party and capable of participating in the uprising were stationed in Xiushui, Tonggu and Anyuan on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi provinces.

In early September, Mao Zedong arrived in Anyuan and Tonggu successively, and convened several meetings of party organizations and military leaders in some counties and cities on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi provinces to convey the spirit of the August 9th Conference and the instructions of the Central Committee of China and the Hunan Provincial Committee on holding the Autumn Harvest Uprising, and to discuss and formulate the operational deployment of the Autumn Harvest Uprising troops on the Hunan-Jiangxi border.

In accordance with the instructions of the CPC Central Committee, the Front Committee of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the CPC unified the armed forces located in Xiushui, Tonggu, Anyuan and other places into the 1st Division of the 1st Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army.

The division consisted of more than 5000 men, with Lu Deming as the commander-in-chief and Yu Shadu as the division commander. It had three regiments under its command:

The 1st Regiment, located in Xiushui, was composed of the former Guard Regiment of the General Headquarters of the Second Front Army of the National Revolutionary Army, the Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Volunteer Corps, and the Peasant Self-Defense Forces of Chongyang and Tongcheng Counties in Hubei Province;

The 2nd Regiment, located in Anyuan, was composed of the Anyuan Workers' Patrol, the Anyuan Mine Police, and some peasant self-defense forces from Anfu, Yongxin, Lianhua, Pingxiang, and Liling counties;

The 3rd Regiment, located in Tonggu, was composed of the Liuyang Workers and Peasants Volunteer Corps, the Guards Corps, and parts of the Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Volunteer Corps. The uprising's operational plan was:

First, with the cooperation of peasant uprisings in various counties, the 1st Regiment captured Pingjiang, the 2nd Regiment captured Pingxiang and Liling, and the 3rd Regiment captured Liuyang;

Afterwards, all the regiments advanced towards Changsha together and captured Changsha with the cooperation of the armed uprisings of peasants in various counties and the armed uprising of workers in Changsha.

On September 9, according to the deployment of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, more than 9 railway workers in Changsha began to destroy the Changsha to Yueyang and Changsha to Zhuzhou sections of the railway, which temporarily interrupted the enemy's railway transportation.

On the 11th, the 1st Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army launched an uprising according to the predetermined plan.

Its 1st Regiment set out from Xiushui and Zhajin, and advanced towards Changshou Street via Longmen.

When the main force of the regiment advanced to Jinping, it was suddenly attacked from the side and rear by the remnant of the Guizhou warlord Wang Tianpei, the Qiu Guoxuan regiment, which was incorporated on the eve of the uprising. The troops were dispersed and more than 200 men and guns were lost.

After being taken in, they moved to the border of Pingjiang and Liuyang counties, preparing to move closer to the 3rd Regiment.

The 3rd Regiment set out from Tonggu under the direct command of Mao Zedong. It captured Baisha in Liuyang that afternoon and Dongmen City on the 12th, annihilating part of the enemy each time.

On the 14th, about two battalions of the Bald Gang army launched a counterattack towards Dongmen City. The 3rd Regiment fought bravely for several hours and then moved to Shangping.

The 2nd Regiment set out from Anyuan and attacked Pingxiang but failed. On the 12th, it turned around and captured Laoguan, west of Pingxiang, and then continued to advance westward. With the cooperation of the rebellious peasants, it captured Liling County, defeated about one battalion of defenders, seized dozens of guns, rescued more than 1 imprisoned Communists and revolutionary masses, and established organizations such as the County Revolutionary Committee, the Federation of Trade Unions, and the Peasants' Association.

On the 14th, about two battalions of the Kuomintang army in Changsha, with the support of the Kuomintang army in Pingxiang and other places, counterattacked Liling.

The 2nd Regiment immediately turned north and captured Liuyang County on the 15th. However, due to negligence, it was suddenly attacked by the Kuomintang troops chasing from Liling on the 17th and suffered heavy losses.

When the above-mentioned armed uprisings suffered setbacks, Mao Zedong ordered the regiments to concentrate in Wenjia City, southeast of Liuyang City, on the 17th.

During the period of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army's separate offensives, the workers and peasants in Pingjiang, Liuyang, Liling, Zhuzhou, Anyuan and other places, under the leadership of local Communist Party organizations, held armed uprisings of varying scales.

The rebellious peasants and workers, armed with spears, broadswords and a small number of long and short guns, bravely attacked the house-to-house militias, attacked the militia defense bureaus, and fought against the local tyrants and evil gentry.

The uprising masses in Liling County and Liuyang County also cooperated with the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to capture the county seat, establish a revolutionary regime, and resume activities such as trade unions and farmers' associations.

The uprising masses in Zhuzhou once occupied Zhuzhou Railway Station.

After the uprising peasants in Pingjiang County failed to cooperate with the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army and to attack Pingjiang City alone, they formed three guerrilla teams and continued to attack local tyrants and evil gentry at random.

However, as the national political situation was at a revolutionary low, many backbones of the peasant movement were arrested and suppressed or forced to flee under the brutal suppression of the skinhead reactionaries. The peasant masses were afraid of being massacred again after the uprising failed. Therefore, on the whole, this uprising failed to form a mass uprising with the participation of more peasants.

The workers' uprising in Changsha, which was originally planned, was cancelled by the Hunan Provincial Committee on September 9 due to the tight security of the skinheads and the setback of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army's offensive.

19日，工农革命军第1师第3团全部、第1团余部和第2团的零散人员陆续到达文家市。

That night, Mao Zedong presided over a meeting of the Front Committee to analyze the situation and discuss the troops' action guidelines.

It was decided to abandon the original plan to attack Changsha, and the troops quickly withdrew from the Pingjiang and Liuyang areas, which were vulnerable to siege by the Kuomintang army, and moved south along the Luoxiao Mountains to seek a foothold.

On the 20th, the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army set out from Wenjia City and arrived at Shangli City, Pingxiang County, Jiangxi Province on the 22nd. Upon learning that there were bald party troops stationed in Pingxiang, they decided to take a detour south through Luxi, east of Pingxiang County.

Arrived in Luxi on the 24th.

On the morning of the 25th, the troops continued to move south and were suddenly attacked by the skinhead army during the march. They had to fight hastily. Commander-in-Chief Lu Deming died while commanding the troops to cover the safe transfer of the main force, and the troops suffered heavy losses.

On the 26th, the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army captured Lianhua County and entered Sanwan Village in Yongxin County on the 29th.

At this time, the troops had less than 1000 men, their thoughts were quite confused, and their organization was very imperfect.

In order to adapt to the needs of the revolutionary struggle, the troops carried out the famous Sanwan Reorganization here, reducing one division to one regiment, called the 1st Regiment of the 1st Division of the 1st Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, with two battalions under its jurisdiction. They also established and improved party organizations at all levels, set up party branches in companies, and began to implement a democratic system.

After that, the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army continued to move south and arrived at the ancient city of Ninggang County on October 10.

Mao Zedong presided over an enlarged meeting of the Front Committee, which preliminarily summarized the lessons learned from the Autumn Harvest Uprising, studied issues such as establishing bases and adopting a policy of unity and transformation for the peasant armed forces led by Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo in the Jinggangshan area.

After the meeting, Mao Zedong led the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to Maoping, Ninggang County on October 10.

Then, the troops moved to Suichuan County, Jiangxi Province via Shuikou Town, Ling County, Hunan Province, and on the 27th reached Ciping in Jinggang Mountain in the middle section of Luoxiao Mountains.

From then on, this uprising armed force, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and Mao Zedong, launched the great struggle to establish the Jinggangshan revolutionary base.

……

"what to do?

How to do?

How to do?

......"

Zhao Shao scratched his head, thinking about the course of action and how to break the deadlock.

.........