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Chapter 316 The Most Talented Woman in the Tang Dynasty
After getting married, Lou Zhaojun not only kept the house in order, but also used her dowry to support Gao Huan's career. At that time, only those who had horses in the army had the opportunity to be promoted, and the horses that Lou's family gave as a dowry became the key to Gao Huan's career.
Lou Zhaojun often gave advice to Gao Huan, who was also very motivated. With his talent and wisdom, he rose through the ranks and eventually became the Prime Minister, General, Grand Master, and King of Bohai. Lou Zhaojun also naturally became the Princess of Bohai.
Although life was getting better and better, Lou Zhaojun still maintained a frugal lifestyle. The number of servants in her home never exceeded 10. She took care of all the big and small matters at home herself so that Gao Huan would not have to worry about them.
Once Gao Huan led his troops out to fight, and Lou Zhaojun was about to give birth to twins, so the situation was extremely dangerous.
The servants all advised her to call Gao Huan back, but Lou Zhaojun said that Gao Huan was fighting outside and she couldn't let the matter of giving birth to a child affect her. Life and death are determined by fate, and she can get through it. In this way, she got through the difficulties alone. When Gao Huan came back from the war and knew about this, he was both impressed and moved by her.
Later, the Northern Wei Dynasty was divided into the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Western Wei Dynasty. Gao Huan was in charge of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and Yuwen Tai was in charge of the Western Wei Dynasty. The two sides were almost the same in strength and could not decide the winner. At this time, the powerful Rouran became the object that both sides wanted to win over and wanted to marry into the Rouran.
Gao Huan originally wanted his son to marry a Rouran princess, but the Rouran Khan insisted on marrying his daughter to Gao Huan. This moment made Gao Huan very confused. If he married a Rouran princess, the princess must be his principal wife, and Lou Zhaojun, who had suffered with him, would become a concubine. But if he didn't agree, Rouran would ally with the Western Wei, and he would be in danger.
After knowing this, Lou Zhaojun took the initiative to find Gao Huan and said that she did not care about her status and was willing to give up her position as wife as long as she could help Gao Huan achieve his great cause and save the people from the suffering of war.
Gao Huan was deeply moved. After the Rouran princess married, Lou Zhaojun kept her word and moved out to live in a side room. Although her status had changed, Gao Huan treated her as well as before.
Lou Zhaojun and Gao Huan had a total of 8 children, of whom 4 sons became emperors one after another, two sons were conferred the title of princes, and two daughters became empresses of Emperor Xiaowu of Northern Wei and Emperor Xiaojing of Eastern Wei respectively.
After Gao Huan's death, his eldest son Gao Cheng inherited his legacy. This Gao Cheng was the father of Lanling Prince Gao Changgong. When Gao Cheng was about to usurp the throne and become emperor, he was unfortunately killed by his own cook.
Later, Lou Zhaojun's second son Gao Yang forced the Eastern Wei emperor to abdicate and established the Northern Qi Dynasty. He posthumously conferred the title of emperor on his father Gao Huan and his brother Gao Cheng, and honored Lou Zhaojun as the empress dowager.
Gao Yang initially managed the country well, but later he became addicted to drinking and having fun. After Gao Yang's death, his son Gao Yin ascended the throne, but Lou Zhaojun's third and fourth sons Gao Yan and Gao Zhan had fierce conflicts with the regents.
In order to maintain the stability of the Northern Qi regime, Lou Zhaojun and her two sons launched a coup, killed the regent ministers, abolished Gao Yin's throne, and made the third son Gao Yan the emperor.
During his reign, Gao Yan was diligent in state affairs and concerned about people's livelihood, but he died at the age of 27, and the throne was passed to Lou Zhaojun's fourth son Gao Zhan. Gao Zhan was originally a dignified and ambitious monarch, but later he became tyrannical and died at the age of 32.
However, because Lou Zhaojun's emperor sons were wise and decisive in their early years, but mostly cruel and perverted in their later years, the entire Northern Qi Dynasty was called the "Beast Dynasty", and no one lived beyond the age of 40.
So people also joked that Lou Zhaojun had a "neurotic gene" that caused her sons to become ill one by one. But we don't know the truth.
[The ancestor of the hidden poet, who used his life to explain what it means to not bow down for a few grains of rice. Historical trivia: Tao Yuanming]
He had served as an official five times and resigned five times. The words "I fell into the dusty net by mistake and have been gone for thirty years" fully expressed his helplessness and struggle.
He casually wrote a resignation letter, which became a famous piece of writing throughout the ages, attracted countless fans, and truly explained what it meant to "not bend for a few grains of rice." He was the "first person to quit his job and farm" - Tao Yuanming.
When we mention Tao Yuanming, we can think of pastoral life. The line "Picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, leisurely seeing the southern mountains" gives people a feeling of being so chic and indifferent.
You think he is a hermit, but in fact, isn't he also experiencing the same "chaos and chaos in life" as you and me? It's just that he did what you and I dare not do, and became us living in another world.
Tao Yuanming was born in Xunyang in 365 AD. His great-grandfather Tao Kan was born in a poor family, but he became a founding hero of the Eastern Jin Dynasty with his outstanding military talent. Influenced by this, Tao Yuanming wanted to contribute to the country and bring honor to his family like his great-grandfather did.
At that time, he studied Confucian classics hard every day, his mind filled with the ambition of "cultivating oneself, managing the family, governing the country and pacifying the world".
However, when he was 8 years old, his father suddenly passed away, which put the originally peaceful family into trouble. He had no choice but to follow his mother to live with his grandfather Meng. Meng was a famous scholar in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. He was talented and learned, but he didn't care much about fame and fortune. He dealt with nature all day long.
In such an environment, Tao Yuanming gradually developed the element of "loving hills and mountains by nature". Although he envied his grandfather's carefree and easy life, his deep desire to make achievements was still strong.
At the age of 20, Tao Yuanming entered the officialdom for the first time and served as the chief priest of Jiangzhou. This position was complicated and involved dealing with many matters such as land rent, household registration, rural water conservancy, etc., just like a capable assistant to the leader.
However, he chose to resign not long after. According to the "Book of Song", the reason for his resignation was "unbearable to serve as an official", but in fact, what really made him unbearable was the stupidity and incompetence of his boss Wang Ningzhi.
Time flies, and six years pass in a flash. At this time, Tao Yuanming is already a father, with five children to feed. In order to make a living, he has to turn his attention to officialdom again.
At this time, Huan Xuan, the governor of Jiangzhou, extended an olive branch to him. However, as time went on, he gradually discovered that Huan Xuan was ambitious and was planning to overthrow the Eastern Jin Dynasty. This fact filled Tao Yuanming, a loyal and patriotic man, with anguish and struggle.
In 401 AD, Tao Yuanming's mother unfortunately passed away, and he resigned from his official position and left Huan Xuan on the pretext of returning home to observe mourning. In that year, Huan Xuan invaded Jiankang and plotted to usurp the throne.
Tao Yuanming, who was in mourning at home, was secretly looking forward to the opportunity to attack Huan Xuan. So in 404 AD, Tao Yuanming defected to Liu Yu, a general of the Northern Army who was preparing to attack Huan Xuan.
In June of the same year, Huan Xuan was defeated and killed, and Liu Yu gained power because of his meritorious service in suppressing the rebellion. But Tao Yuanming soon realized that Liu Yu was no different from Huan Xuan and also coveted the throne. Tao Yuanming was disappointed again and resigned from Liu Yu not long after he left.
Later, he served as a soldier under Liu Jingxuan. However, Liu Jingxuan was weak in character and could not take care of himself in the chaotic times, so Tao Yuanming finally resigned. In desperation, Tao Yuanming could only return to his hometown again. "It was a relief to quit without money, but I cried a lot."
Tao Yuanming, who returned to the countryside, fell into extreme poverty. In order to survive, he entered the officialdom for the last time under the recommendation of his uncle Tao Kui and served as the magistrate of Pengze County.
The salary of this job was not bad. The county had 100 mu of public land, and all the harvest belonged to him. But who could have thought? Not long after he took office, the higher authorities sent a supervisor to inspect the work. The supervisor relied on his power and asked Tao Yuanming to wear official uniform, prepare gifts, and go to greet him respectfully.
This request completely angered Tao Yuanming. In a rage, he shouted out "How can I bow my head and serve the rich and powerful?" and resolutely wrote the famous "Returning to the Countryside", from then on he bid farewell to the officialdom and embarked on the road of seclusion.
"Go home, why don't you go home when your fields are about to be overgrown? Since your mind is enslaved by your body, why do you feel sad and lonely? I understand that the past cannot be changed, but I know that the future can be pursued. In fact, I have not gone far astray, and I realize that today is right and yesterday is wrong."
This "Returning to the Countryside" is not only his profound reflection on official life, but also his declaration of returning to the countryside and to himself.
From then on, the Tao Yuanming who struggled and entangled in officialdom disappeared, and was replaced by a pastoral poet who "had no interest in worldly things since childhood and loved hills and mountains by nature."
Although Tao Yuanming lived a hard life after his retirement, he enjoyed it. He wrote many poems describing his life in the countryside, such as "The house is more than ten acres, with eight or nine thatched houses. Elms and willows shade the back eaves, and peach and plum trees line the front of the hall."
Away from the hustle and bustle of officialdom, he enjoyed the tranquility and beauty of rural life. However, rural life was not all smooth sailing.
Tao Yuanming had to work in the fields himself, but he was not very good at farming. "I planted beans at the foot of the southern mountain, where the grass grew more vigorously than the bean sprouts. But he didn't care. He felt that as long as he could live according to his own ideas, it was fine.
Later, a fire burned down his house, and life became even more difficult. Sometimes he even had to beg for food from other people's homes. But even so, he still happily found fun in poetry.
Tao Yuanming's poetry is fresh and natural, with plain language. In "Drinking Wine", he wrote: "I built my hut in the human world, but there is no noise of carriages and horses. I ask you how you can do that? My heart is far away and the place is secluded. I pick chrysanthemums under the eastern fence and see the southern mountains leisurely. The mountain air is beautiful day and night, and the birds fly back and forth. There is a true meaning in this, but I have forgotten the words when I want to explain it." It fully shows his extraordinary and otherworldly state of mind.
He created the pastoral poetry school, and many poets liked his poems. Li Bai once wrote a poem "I dreamed of Wu Daozi, who was worthy of hanging a horse whip.
"When will I arrive in Pengze, and sing wildly in front of Wuliu?" expresses his admiration for him. When Bai Juyi was demoted to Jiangzhou, he was obsessed with Tao Yuanming's poems and once said, "I always love Tao Pengze, his literary thoughts are so profound."
Su Shi even frankly admitted: "I don't have any particular favorite poets, but I like Tao Yuanming's poems." He also believed that Li Bai, Du Fu and others were slightly inferior to Tao Yuanming.
The talented Li Qingzhao named herself "Yi An Jushi" inspired by "Tao Yuanming's pride in the south window and Yi An who lived in a small space". This shows that Tao Yuanming's position in the literary circle is very important.
Tao Yuanming died in Xunyang in 427 AD. It is said that he died in poverty and illness, but I guess he had no regrets because he lived the life he had always wanted after he resigned from office.
He served as an official five times in his life and resigned five times. He struggled in the quagmire of officialdom and found himself in the embrace of the countryside. His experience tells us that no matter how difficult life is, we should stick to our inner authenticity and bravely pursue the life we really want.
When we feel exhausted in reality, we might as well read Tao Yuanming's poems and feel the tranquility and calmness of "picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence and leisurely seeing the southern mountains". Perhaps we can find comfort and strength from them.
[She was the most popular and talented woman in the Tang Dynasty, but she died alone. Historical knowledge of the Tang Dynasty]
She was the most talented woman in the world and the female poet with the largest number of surviving poems in the Tang Dynasty. She invented the first colored paper in my country, which was popular in Chang'an.
At a young age, she made a fortune. Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi competed to be her "big brother". Unfortunately, she was abandoned by a scumbag and died alone. In her later years, she chose to become a nun. She is the first star female poet in the Tang Dynasty, the "peacock" of poetry - Xue Tao.
Xue Tao was born in 768 AD into a scholarly family in Chang'an. Her father, Xue Yun, was an official of low rank but honest and upright. Although the family was not wealthy, Xue Yun loved his precious daughter very much.
In that era when "a woman's virtue lies in her lack of talent", Xue Yun attached great importance to his daughter's education and personally taught her to read and write, and to study poetry and songs. Under her father's careful cultivation, Xue Tao was able to speak fluently at the age of 8.
One day, the father and daughter were enjoying the cool in the yard. Xue Yun looked at the tall and straight sycamore tree in the yard and was inspired to compose a poem: "There is an old sycamore tree in the yard, its trunk reaches up into the clouds."
The young Xue Tao replied without hesitation: "The branches welcome birds from the north and south, and the leaves send the wind back and forth." Upon hearing this, Xue Yun was amazed at his daughter's talent at first, but after savoring it carefully, a sense of foreboding welled up in his heart.
These two lines of poetry seem to hint at Xue Tao's fate of wandering for love, being welcomed and sent off. Who would have thought that it would actually come true.
When Xue Tao was 14, her father was demoted to Chengdu in Shu because he was too upright and offended a senior official. Later, Xue Yun fell ill and died on his way to Nanzhao.
The pillar of the family fell, and Xue Tao and her mother were suddenly without support. Xue Tao had only two options: either marry, but given her family's situation at the time, it was impossible for her to become a wife, so she could only be a concubine; or be self-reliant and work to support herself and her mother.
After a painful ideological struggle, the 16-year-old Xue Tao gritted her teeth and walked into the Chengdu Music House to become a singing girl. At that time, singing girls mainly sang and danced, and accompanied officials and talented literati in reciting poems and writing couplets. They sold their art but not their bodies.
For Xue Tao, who grew up in a scholarly family, poetry and songs were her forte. She was beautiful and talented, and soon became famous in the music circle and became a big star in the Chengdu music circle.
Princes, nobles, and scholars came here one after another, paying a fortune just to drink a cup with the beauty and recite a poem. Great poets such as Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, and Du Mu were her guests.
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