Zhu Chao accompanied me to watch short videos

In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, this plot is glorified as Guan Yu's heroic deeds, but in fact, Lu Su is more suitable as the protagonist. For the sake of the overall situation, Lu Su invited Guan Yu to meet him and proposed that each of them deploy their troops a hundred steps away, and only the generals would come to the meeting with single swords.

Although the risks seem to be equal, facing the first-class general Guan Yu and the already tense situation, Lu Su naturally bears greater risks and pressures.

However, Lu Su was not afraid and resolutely went to the meeting, which also shows his extraordinary courage and determination. Finally, after constant bargaining between the two sides, the two sides agreed to divide Jingzhou equally with the Xiang River as the boundary, and Sun and Liu made peace, which is known in history as the "Xiang River Boundary Demarcation."

In 217 AD, Lu Su died of illness at the age of 46. With Lu Su's death, the "stabilizing force" of the Eastern Wu was gone, and the precious balance was no longer stable, which led to the beginning of a turbulent situation in Jiangdong.

Throughout Lu Su's life, he was both wise and brave, comparable to Zhou Yu. In terms of foresight and foresight, he was even slightly better than Zhou Yu. Compared with Zhuge Liang and Xun Yu, he was no less capable and could be called the best counselor of the Eastern Wu.

He always insisted on the Sun-Liu alliance because he understood that the maintenance and consolidation of the alliance was related to the long-term interests of Jiangdong's survival, which was also his uniqueness. After Lu Su, although Lu Meng, Lu Xun and others captured Jingzhou, they damaged the Sun-Liu alliance.

The two sides met again, and although the Eastern Wu won in the end, it was also badly damaged and its strength was not as good as before, and the gap between it and Cao Wei widened further. This further demonstrated Lu Su's foresight in the issue of the Sun-Liu alliance.

[Read the most tragic scapegoat in the Three Kingdoms era in one go. Little historical knowledge of the Three Kingdoms]

He was the most miserable worker in the Three Kingdoms period. He was exterminated along with his entire clan for his outstanding performance in fulfilling his leadership's tasks. He was the strongest "scapegoat" in the Three Kingdoms period - Cheng Ji.

Speaking of Cheng Ji, he was originally just an insignificant figure in the history of the Three Kingdoms, but he was recorded in history because of the regicide incident. And his tragic ending can be regarded as a "bloody lesson" for workers in the workplace.

The Gaopingling Incident and the Rise of the Sima Family

As early as after Sima Yi, Sima Shi and others launched the Gaopingling Rebellion and the Jiaping Rebellion and suppressed the three rebellions in Huainan, the power of the Sima group was increasingly consolidated. After Sima Shi died, his brother Sima Zhao seized power and dominated the government.

Emperor Cao Mao at this time had become another Emperor Xian of Han. However, Cao Mao was not as weak as Emperor Xian of Han, he was quite brave.

Cao Mao's resistance and Cheng Ji's "one-strike kill"

In 260 AD, Cao Mao saw that the power of the Sima family was growing stronger and stronger. He was unwilling to sit and wait for death, so he decided to abolish Sima Zhao's authority. So he made an impassioned speech: "Everyone knows what Sima Zhao is thinking! I cannot sit and accept the humiliation of being deposed. Today I will discuss it with you."

Although Cao Mao's move was somewhat impulsive and lacked strategy, it must be said that under political oppression and the threat of death, he did not show weakness, humiliation or give in, but dared to rise up and fight, ready to die. This courage is admirable.

However, the news of the attack was leaked, so Sima Zhao was prepared. When Cao Mao led the palace guards to attack Sima Zhao's residence, they were blocked by the imperial guards led by Jia Chong when they reached Nanque.

Cao Mao shouted angrily and swung his sword to kill. When Jia Chong's soldiers saw that it was the emperor, they were afraid and hesitated to move forward, wanting to retreat.

However, just when Sima Zhao's army was about to retreat, the protagonist of this incident, Cheng Ji, appeared. As Sima Zhao's confidant, Cheng Ji asked Jia Chong: "The situation is urgent, what should we do?"

Jia Chong replied: "Why does Sima Gong support you? Is there any need to ask more questions?" As soon as the leader spoke, Cheng Ji naturally understood what he meant and thought it was time to show his ability. So he directly stabbed Cao Mao with his spear, and the sharp blade pierced Cao Mao's body and came out from his back, which could be called "killing with one strike".

Cheng Ji's "overdoing it" and tragic ending

Although Cheng Ji's action highlighted his efficiency and effectiveness, it ultimately backfired.

Regicide was undoubtedly a huge shock in ancient times. Even though Cao Mao was regarded as a puppet emperor, killing an emperor was still a rare and bad act. Just 20 days later, Sima Zhao exterminated the three clans of Cheng Ji in order to calm public opinion.

Although Cheng Ji was the executor of the assassination, Jia Chong, as the direct person in charge, was not implicated. In the final analysis, this was Sima Zhao's conspiracy.

However, as Jia Chong was Sima Zhao's confidant and a senior cadre of the Sima clan, Sima Zhao would naturally not be harmed because of him. Cheng Ji, as a "temporary worker", ultimately served as the executor and scapegoat of Sima Zhao's regicide.

Chengji's Lessons and Workplace Enlightenment

Cheng Ji's lesson is indeed worth learning from. Judging from his behavior, he may have the idea of ​​"seeking wealth and honor in danger" and was eager to perform in order to get a promotion.

But in complex political struggles or workplaces, wise decisions often require calm thinking and adequate strategic planning. Cao Mao's first encounter was actually Sima Zhao's younger brother Sima Yi, but Sima Yi chose not to be the first to stand out, and they all collapsed, showing his political acumen.

In general, Cheng Ji became the scapegoat for Cao Mao's assassination, on the one hand because of his stupidity and impatience, and on the other hand because he did not fully think about the consequences in an emergency.

It is often the "temporary workers" who take the blame, so Cheng Ji's fate also reminds us: when facing pressure and making decisions, we must not only follow orders, but also consider our own interests and consequences to avoid falling into dangerous situations.

[Read the philosophy of lying down of the sages of the Wei and Jin Dynasties in one breath, and some historical knowledge about the style of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and the style of the Wei and Jin Dynasties]

This was the most bohemian era in Chinese history, full of individual liberation and spiritual detachment. This was also the pioneer of the "lying flat philosophy" more than 1000 years ago: drinking and taking medicine, indulging in the mountains and rivers, and being happy. This is the Wei and Jin style that is respected by the world.

Nowadays, "lying flat" has become a popular word among young people. More and more people choose the lying flat attitude towards life.

However, some so-called experts and successful people often regard the pressure and helplessness of young people as negativity, pessimism, and laziness in evading responsibility. They believe that lying down is a shameful behavior and irresponsible to themselves and society.

Of course, when it comes to the originator of lying flat, our "lying flat" is nothing compared to the literati in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.

The intellectuals of that era advocated seclusion from the world, studied the metaphysics of Laozi and Zhuangzi, took medicine and drank alcohol, and lived a bohemian life. They made this kind of lying-down life a popular fashion, which later generations called the "Wei and Jin style."

Since the Wei and Jin dynasties were a turbulent era and also an era of very active thought, the environment was complex and the existence of the aristocratic class led to the aristocratic families monopolizing the path to upward mobility.

These chaotic and painful historical realities made the famous scholars of the time unable to think about what to do and could only try to survive in the troubled times, which had a huge impact on cultural thoughts and social customs.

Those conventional and sanctimonious behaviors seemed to have become a joke. The power of tradition gradually disappeared during the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and more and more celebrities chose to rebel in the hopeless reality: some were unrestrained and indulged in leisure; some were lost in pain and madness. Thus, there was the so-called "Wei and Jin style".

However, the Wei and Jin style is not lying flat in the true sense. It is not even just lying flat in the abstract sense of the modern sense, but lying flat in a concrete sense that is thoroughly implemented in the real sense.

What we feel from Shishuo Xinyu is the boldness and unruliness that is incompatible with the entire feudal ruling period. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the lifestyle advocated by celebrities was to indulge in mountains and rivers, take medicine and drink wine. The most famous one is the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove".

They were synonymous with beauty and talent more than 1000 years ago. They were not at all formal in their lives, and even often gathered in bamboo forests, bare-chested, drinking, singing, debating, and playing the guitar, not caring about their image at all.

However, behind this unruly attitude is actually a helpless escape from reality.

The reason why the Wei and Jin style became more and more popular was not only because of the detachment and pursuit brought by metaphysics, but also because more and more people regarded the Wei and Jin style as a means of self-protection. Cao Cao killed the talented Yang Xiu and other famous scholars by "composing a poem in seven steps".

During the transition of power between the Wei and Jin dynasties, the Cao family and the Sima family fought to the death, and He Yan, Ji Kang, Xiahou Xuan and others were killed. In the Jin Dynasty, the political environment continued to deteriorate, so that few famous scholars had a good end. For example, the death of Ji Kang, the leader of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove, caused panic among countless famous scholars in the Wei and Jin dynasties.

Therefore, the master's overall evaluation of the Wei-Jin demeanor of the time may be the most objective: it was a spiritual detachment from the reality of suffering, and a rare exploration of the self that broke away from the rigid Confucian system. Lying flat is also the "Wei-Jin demeanor" of our time.

The term "lying flat" refers to some young people who choose to give up struggling and no longer pursue a life with high income, high consumption and high housing prices, but are satisfied with the lowest living standards, have no desires or demands, and are not bound by social expectations.

Like the celebrities of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the philosophy of lying down in the style of the Wei and Jin Dynasties was chosen and pursued by many celebrities at that time.

This is the best way for them to keep themselves clean, which not only reveals their dissatisfaction with reality, but is also relatively safe and in line with the thoughts of Laozi and Zhuangzi, and opposes utilitarian values. They yearn for a utopian paradise: no king, no ministers, self-cultivation and self-weaving, without worries.

Like many young people who have just entered society, they were initially full of enthusiasm for the future. However, more and more young people choose to lie down. The fundamental reason is nothing more than a reaction to the disappointment and helplessness of social reality, and a resistance and rebellion against excessive competition and involution.

In the face of this phenomenon, we actually need to listen to and understand the demands of young people, rather than blindly accusing and preaching. Striving and lying down are not necessarily opposites, they can actually promote each other.

It’s just that in terms of lifestyle, we don’t have to compete with others in material enjoyment and pursuit, nor do we have to be anxious because of envying other people’s lives. Therefore, we might as well learn from the positive attitude of the ancients towards life: live well in the present and live out yourself. Lying down is also a beautiful thing, isn’t it?

[Read the Warring States Period in one go, and then go to the history of the strategist Gongsun Yan in the Warring States Period]

He was a top diplomat in the Warring States Period, as famous as Zhang Yi. He was feared by all the princes when he was angry. He was also a hero in the rise of Qin, but he eventually embarked on the road of anti-Qin. His life was legendary, but he was buried and underestimated. In this video, let's talk about the underestimated diplomat - Gongsun Yan.

Gongsun Yan, a native of Wei during the Warring States Period, was an outstanding representative of the School of Diplomacy. However, he is far less famous than Su Qin and Zhang Yi, but he is an underestimated figure in history.

According to the records in "Records of the Grand Historian" and "Strategies of the Warring States", people generally believe that Su Qin and Zhang Yi were political enemies, one vertical and one horizontal, and were pioneers of the strategy of forming alliances.

However, according to the unearthed silk book historical document "Letters of Warring States Strategists", Su Qin died in 284 BC, and Zhang Yi died in 310 BC, Su Qin died 26 years later than Zhang Yi.

Some scholars believe that Zhang Yi came first and Su Qin came later. When Zhang Yi was the prime minister of Qin, Su Qin was still a young man who had not yet entered the political arena and had never had any contact with Zhang Yi. Therefore, Zhang Yi's real opponent was actually Gongsun Yan, and Gongsun Yan was the real attempter of the vertical and horizontal strategy.

Mencius once said: "Are Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi not true men? When they are angry, the princes are afraid; when they are at peace, the world is at peace." This is enough to show that Gongsun Yan was as famous as Zhang Yi at that time and had a huge influence. However, due to the lack of historical materials, Gongsun Yan's deeds have been underestimated and buried.

Gongsun Yan was born in the State of Wei and served as a general of the State of Wei at an early age. He was once the "West Guardian" of the State of Wei. Han Feizi called him "the best general in the world". It can be inferred that "West Guardian" was probably equivalent to the top military general of the State of Wei, and Gongsun Yan became famous among the nations because of this.

Soon after, Gongsun Yan left Wei and went to Qin to serve as an official. In 333 BC, King Huiwen of Qin appointed Gongsun Yan as the Great Liangzao, the highest position in Qin at that time.

After two years, Gongsun Yan defeated Wei in the Battle of Diaoyin, captured Wei general Long Jia, and beheaded 80,000 people. This series of wars is called the "Fifth Battle of Hexi". By then, Qin had completely mastered the natural barrier of Hexi and controlled the main road to the east of the Central Plains.

The State of Wei gradually became a second-rate country and could no longer compete with the State of Qin. The State of Qin began to rise and had the foundation to advance eastward into the Central Plains and unify the world. This shows that Gongsun Yan's contribution to the State of Qin was outstanding.

However, with the establishment of the Prime Minister in Qin, Gongsun Yan, who had made outstanding achievements, thought he had a sure win, but Zhang Yi was appreciated by King Huiwen of Qin after entering Qin and became the first Prime Minister of Qin. Under the exclusion of Zhang Yi, Gongsun Yan returned to Wei in disappointment and started the road of confrontation with Qin.