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Chapter 227: How chaotic is the 8 kings' rebellion?

At this time, Emperor Shunzhi had died of smallpox. Xuanye, who was only 8 years old at the time, succeeded to the throne and changed the reign title to Kangxi. The four regent ministers, Sony, Suksaha, Oboi, and Ebilun, were in charge of the government, among whom Oboi was the most domineering.

In 1667, Emperor Kangxi took power, but Oboi still refused to give up his power and even killed Suksaha, who was also a regent. So Emperor Kangxi secretly trained his guards under the pretext of watching wrestling in an attempt to overthrow Oboi.

After many days of intense preparation, one day, Kangxi summoned Oboi and ordered the guards to capture him on the spot.

One day, Kangxi summoned Oboi and ordered the guards to take him down on the spot, thus eliminating Oboi's followers in one fell swoop. At this time, the Qing Dynasty's rule was on the right track.

However, the power of the Three Feudatories, led by Wu Sangui, grew day by day. In 1673, Emperor Kangxi ordered Shang Kexi, the Prince of Pingnan, Geng Jingzhong, the Prince of Jingnan, and Wu Sangui, the Prince of Nanyun, to withdraw from their fiefdoms. Wu Sangui started a rebellion, catching the Qing government off guard and losing six provinces in a few months.

However, Wu Sangui was already old, and his eldest son Wu Yingxiong and his family were in Beijing, so they hesitated to move forward. Emperor Kangxi dispatched troops and executed Wu Yingxiong and his son.

Under the pressure of the Qing army, Wu Sangui became increasingly powerless. In 1678, Wu Sangui proclaimed himself emperor in Hengzhou and named his country Da Zhou. He died of illness soon after.

His grandson Wu Shifan retreated to Yunnan and committed suicide after his defeat. After the Three Feudatories Rebellion was quelled, Emperor Kangxi appointed Shi Lang to cross the sea to attack Taiwan. Zheng Keshuang, the grandson of Zheng Chenggong, surrendered to the Qing Dynasty and set up an official office in Taiwan, bringing Taiwan under the control of the central dynasty.

In 1688, Galdan, the leader of the Junggar tribe, attacked Khalkha Mongolia and colluded with Tsarist Russia to besiege the Qing army. At that time, Tsarist Russia had expanded to the upper reaches of the Longhei River, burning, killing, looting, and committing all kinds of atrocities.

The Qing army surrounded the city of Yaksa built by the Goose Army. The Goose Kingdom's regent Grand Duchess Sophia was forced to negotiate peace with the Qing army and signed the Treaty of Nerchinsk with the Qing Dynasty to demarcate the border and open up trade, so that the Qing army could concentrate on dealing with the Dzungar tribe.

In 1697 AD, Galdan was defeated and died of illness.

In the later years of Emperor Kangxi's reign, the Qing government was corrupt, the treasury was empty, and the various sons of the Qing dynasty fought endlessly for the position of crown prince. In 1722, Emperor Kangxi passed away, and Prince Yong Yinzhen ascended the throne amid controversy and changed the reign title to Yongzheng.

After Yongzheng ascended the throne, he ordered the rectification of the civil service, the recovery of deficits, severe punishment of corrupt officials, the abolition of the poll tax, the implementation of the land-based land tax, the conversion of natives into officials, the strengthening of central power, and the establishment of the Grand Council, bringing the autocratic imperial power to its peak.

Yongzheng reigned for 13 years and was a link between the reigns of Kangxi and Qianlong.

After Yongzheng's death, Emperor Qianlong, Hongli, succeeded to the throne. Based on the foundation laid by his father and grandfather, he launched two expeditions to Jinchuan, two expeditions to Dzungar, put down the rebellions of the two Khojas, the Qing-Myanmar War, put down the Lin Shuangwen uprising in Wantai, and twice defeated the Gurkha tribe in the war of aggression.

The Qing Dynasty's territory extended from Kyakhta in the north to the South China Sea in the south, from Lake Balkhash in the west to Sakhalin Island in the east. Qianlong called himself "the man of ten perfections", but his fame was accompanied by an empty treasury and increasingly difficult lives for the people.

Everyone basically knows what’s going on, so I’m not allowed to write anymore, so I’ll move on to the next video.

[How chaotic was the Eight Princes Rebellion! Learn the historical facts about the Eight Princes Rebellion in one go - Sima clan]

The dream of the Three Kingdoms was over, and the prosperity was gone. Ten years after the unification of the Three Kingdoms, an unprecedented imperial civil strife broke out in China - the Rebellion of the Eight Princes.

The Rebellion of the Eight Kings not only led to the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty, but also plunged China into a period of chaos for nearly 300 years. So what exactly was the Rebellion of the Eight Kings? Who were the Eight Kings? This video will help you understand the Rebellion of the Eight Kings in one go.

In 290 AD, Emperor Wu of Jin, Sima Yan, was seriously ill. Before his death, he summoned Sima Liang, the King of Runan, to the palace, but the empress, Jia Nanfeng, was cunning and let his father, Yang Jun, take sole control of the government.

Emperor Wu of Jin died before he met the King of Runan, and the Eight Princes Rebellion was about to begin. As we all know, the crown prince Sima Zhong of Emperor Wu of Jin, Sima Yan, was mentally retarded and unable to rule independently.

Therefore, Sima Yan arranged for his maternal relatives and clan kings to escort Sima Zhong, hoping that the throne could be passed smoothly to Sima Yi.

So who did Sima Yan arrange? First of all, Yang Jun, the relative of the emperor, was the father of Empress Jia Nanfeng. In Sima Yan's later years, Yang Jun was granted the title of Marquis of Linjin as the father-in-law of the emperor and was favored by the emperor.

On the royal family side, Sima Liang, the Prince of Runan, was the fourth son of Sima Yi, and his seniority and strength were beyond doubt. Sima Wei, the Prince of Chu, was the fifth son of Sima Yan, and was smart and capable, and was the best among the younger generation of the royal family of the Western Jin Dynasty.

In addition, there was the Crown Princess Jia Nanfeng, who had a tough personality and was ambitious. After Sima Yan's death, civil strife was inevitable.

Yang Jun used his daughter to forge an imperial edict to exclude the King of Runan and appointed himself as the Grand Tutor and Grand Commander, and Prime Minister of the government. King of Runan Sima Liang not only did not oppose Yang Jun's taking power, but was afraid of being suspected by Yang Jun and fled overnight.

However, the newly appointed Queen Jia Nanfeng was not a pushover. She secretly wrote a letter to King of Chu Sima Wei, asking him to lead his troops into the court to attack Yang Jun.

Sima Wei, the King of Chu, was fierce, decisive and sharp. After receiving the secret letter from Jia Nanfeng, he immediately led his troops into the court and killed Yang Jun's followers. Even the Queen Mother Yang was driven into Jinyong City and starved to death. In the first round, Jia Nanfeng and Sima Wei, the King of Chu, won.

After Yang Jun's death, Sima Liang, the King of Runan, returned to the court to assist in the administration. He took away the power of the King of Chu without sending any soldiers, which made the King of Chu very resentful. Jia Nanfeng used a knife to kill someone else, and asked the King of Chu to capture and kill the King of Runan in the name of the emperor. The King of Runan died tragically in the chaos.

Jia Nanfeng jumped out again and accused the King of Chu of forging an imperial edict to kill the King of Runan. The King of Chu was unable to defend himself and died unjustly. Jia Nanfeng, as the Queen, exercised the power of the Emperor and became the actual controller of the Western Jin Dynasty for the next 9 years.

However, Jia Nanfeng had another potential rival, the crown prince Sima Yi, who was highly regarded by Emperor Wu of the Northern Jin Dynasty. When he grew up, Sima Yi was greedy for pleasure and superstitious about witchcraft, and had a very tense relationship with Jia Nanfeng's nephew Jia Mi.

Jia Nanfeng was worried that the crown prince would purge her, so, at the instigation of Zhao Wang Sima Lun, she deposed the crown prince, causing the internal strife within the Western Jin royal family to become uncontrollable.

In 300 AD, not long after Empress Jia Nanfeng killed the deposed Crown Prince Sima Yu, Prince of Zhao Sima Lun launched a coup d'état on the grounds that Empress Jia had killed the crown prince without authorization. He executed Empress Jia and her followers and seized the power of regent.

Not only that, Zhao Wang Sima Lun also forced Jin Huidi Sima Zhong to abdicate and became the emperor himself. Zhao Wang Sima Lun was the ninth son of Jin Xuandi Sima Yi and the grandfather of Jin Huidi. He was not legitimate and could not convince the public.

The royal family of the Western Jin Dynasty rose up to attack, and the Rebellion of the Eight Kings officially turned into a veritable civil war.

The first person to come out and attack Sima Lun was King Sima Jiong of Qi, who was the grandson of Sima Shi, the Emperor Jing of Jin, and the cousin of Sima Zhong, the Emperor Hui of Jin.

During the coup led by Prince Lun of Zhao, Sima Jiong led his troops into the palace to capture Empress Jia. However, he was squeezed out by Prince Zhao's confidant Sun Xiu. While investigating the case in Xuchang, he contacted Prince Sima Ying of Chengdu, Prince Sima Yi of Changsha, Prince Sima Yong of Hejian and other clan members, and agreed to work together to fight against Sima Lun who usurped the throne.

Sima Lun was defeated and died, Sima Zhong was restored to the throne, and Qi Wang Jiong was awarded the Nine Gifts for defending the army and was named the Grand Sima. At this time, the crown prince Sima Yi had died, but Sima Yi still had a young son alive, so he was made the crown prince.

Soon the crown prince died, and Prince Jiong of Qi planned to make Sima Qin, the son of Prince Qinghe and nephew of Emperor Hui of Jin, the crown prince in order to maintain his monopoly of power for a long time. This caused dissatisfaction among Emperor Hui of Jin's two younger brothers, Prince Ducheng Sima Ying and Prince Changsha Sima Yi.

Hejian King Sima Yong was not a direct descendant of Sima Yi and his blood relationship with the royal family was relatively distant. However, he was the first to jump out to attack the King of Qi and claimed that he had joined forces with Changsha King Sima Yi.

The Prince of Changsha was suddenly blamed for this and had no way to defend himself. The King of Qi sent troops to encircle the Palace of the Prince of Changsha, but the King of Changsha fought his way out of it and attacked, holding Emperor Hui hostage and fighting against the King of Qi.

After three days of bloody battle, the King of Qi was defeated and killed, and the King of Changsha Sima Yi came to power. However, the power of the King of Changsha Sima Yi was far inferior to that of the King of Chengdu and the King of Hejian, so he had to ask the King of Chengdu, who was far away in Yecheng, for instructions on everything.

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