Zhu Chao accompanied me to watch short videos

However, as soon as the Qingli New Deal was promulgated, it was met with a lot of opposition from the civil service group. They attacked Fan Zhongyan and Ouyang Xiu and others for forming a clique and using the new deal to suppress dissidents. Song Renzong, who had always been soft-hearted, also began to doubt the Qingli New Deal. Even the emperor was shaken, could the reform continue?

Finally, the 57-year-old Fan Zhongyan was expelled from the capital again and sent to Bingzhou. Later, he was transferred to Dengzhou because of the bitter cold at the border. Fu Bi, Han Qi, Ouyang Xiu and others who supported Fan Zhongyan's reform were also driven out of the capital one after another. The Qingli New Deal was declared a failure.

After Fan Zhongyan arrived in Dengzhou, he received a gift from his good friend Teng Zijing, who invited him to write an article for the newly built Yueyang Tower, which became the famous article "Yueyang Tower".

——"What's outrageous is that Fan Zhongyan has never been to Yueyang Tower, and he described it entirely based on his own imagination. This is really amazing."

Fan Zhongyan had a rough life and was demoted several times, but he never complained. Whether he was in the government or in remote places, he always worked hard and devoted himself to his work.

In the last seven years of Fan Zhongyan's life, he served as an official in Dengzhou, Hangzhou, Qingzhou and other places, and finally died of illness in Xuzhou in 7 AD at the age of 1052. He was posthumously named Wenzheng and was known as Fan Wenzhenggong.

——"It was so hard for me to memorize "Yueyang Tower"."

——"As powerful as Fan Zhongyan, Fan Wenzhenggong also needed the help of noble people to rise to prominence."

——"He worries about the world before he worries about himself, and enjoys the world after he enjoys himself. He is truly the most perfect person in the Song Dynasty."

——"Wenzheng, this is the highest posthumous title for a civil official."

[The earliest food blogger in China, who can understand Su Shi's life in one breath. Historical Su Shi]

He is the ceiling of Chinese literati. He can remain calm in the face of all the ups and downs in his life, do his own thing, and turn what others see as a mediocre life into his own chic life.

Although he had a bad career as an official, he became the most famous food blogger in the Song Dynasty. He was Su Shi, one of the Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties, also known as Su Dongpo.

Su Shi was born in Meishan, Meizhou. His father was Su Xun, the Su Laoquan mentioned in the Three Character Classic who "began to work hard at the age of 27". Su Xun hoped that his son would be a useful person who could help the needy and the needy without being well-known.

When Su Shi was 12 years old, his grandfather passed away and his father Su Shun stayed at home to study hard. During his studies, Su Shun taught Su Shi and his youngest son Su Zhe all the knowledge and principles of life he had learned.

Under the guidance of his father, Su Shi was free-spirited and straightforward, and had a deep understanding of the Taoist style. He liked outings, delicious food, tea tasting, and traveling, and during this period he created many fine poems and essays.

At the age of 20, Su Shi and his younger brother Su Zhe, led by their father, left Sichuan for the first time and went to Beijing to take the imperial examination. The chief examiner at that time was the famous Ouyang Xiu, and this imperial examination was later called the most difficult in Chinese history because there were too many celebrities among the candidates.

However, after the results were announced, Su Shi did not get first place in this exam. Some people said that the examiner Ouyang Xiu mistakenly thought that Su Shi's essay was written by his student Zeng Gong, so in order to avoid suspicion, he only gave the author of the essay second place.

There is also a saying that the examiner did not know where the sentence Su Shi quoted in his essay came from, so he demoted him from first to second. Regardless of which statement is credible, Su Shi's ability was praised by Ouyang Xiu. Su Shi's fame spread quickly, and whenever he wrote a new article, it would spread throughout the capital.

But just when the father and son were becoming famous in the capital and were about to show their talents, they received the sad news of their mother's death from illness in their hometown. The two brothers had to follow their father back to their hometown to attend the funeral.

At the age of 23, Su Shi's mourning period was over, and the three Su brothers returned to Bianjing. With Ouyang Xiu's recommendation, the Su brothers took part in the imperial examination called "virtuous, upright, and outspoken".

Su Shi's countermeasures were rated as the third, but this third grade was actually the first grade, because the first and second grades were fictitious. In addition, only one person in the Song Dynasty had won the third grade, so Su Shi was called the first in a hundred years.

Four years later, Su Shi passed the examination of the Academy of Scholars again and was appointed as the historian. When he was 30 years old, Su Shun died of illness. The brothers Su Shi and Su Zhe resigned from their official positions and returned to their hometown to observe mourning for three years.

Three years later, Su Shi returned to the court. At this time, Wang Anshi's reforms, which shocked the court and the people, began. Many of Su Shi's poet friends, including Ouyang Xiu, who had appreciated him at the time, were forced to leave Beijing because they opposed the new law and disagreed with the new prime minister Wang Anshi's political views. The court and the people were in decline. What Su Shi saw was no longer the peaceful world he saw when he was 20 years old.

Su Shi also made Wang Anshi very angry because he wrote a letter to discuss the shortcomings of the new law, so Wang Anshi asked the censor Xie Jing to tell Su Shi about his faults in front of Song Shenzong. Su Shi had no choice but to ask to leave the capital and was appointed as the magistrate of Hangzhou. Soon after, he was transferred to Zhucheng, Shandong.

At the age of 41, Su Shi began to serve as the prefect of Xuzhou. At that time, the Yellow River broke its banks in Caocun, and the river overflowed, and the flood gathered under the city of Xuzhou.

The surging floods were constantly flowing out, and the city walls were about to be destroyed by the floods. Su Shi led his soldiers with tools to start building long dikes, building small thatched houses, and living under the city walls, and finally saved the city of Xuzhou.

Because of his long-term efforts in flood control, Su Shi has another title that is often overlooked - water conservancy expert.

A year later, Su Shi wrote a routine letter to Emperor Shenzong of Song, which became a turning point in his life. As a poet, Su Shi often wrote with some emotion, and he would not forget to add some personal touches even in official documents.

It was these words that the New Party used to accuse him of fooling the court and being arrogant. For a time, the court was full of anti-Su voices. Su Shi was arrested by the officials of the Censorate only three months after taking office and was taken to the capital. Dozens of people were implicated. This was the famous Wutai Poetry Case in the history of the Northern Song Dynasty.

As the New Party was determined to put Su Shi to death, rescue activities were also launched in the court and the public. Not only did many elders who shared Su Shi's political views write letters, but even Wang Anshi and some knowledgeable people of the reform faction also advised Song Shenzong not to kill Su Shi.

Thanks to everyone's efforts, 103 days after Su Shi was imprisoned, the poetry case was given a lighter sentence because of the national policy of not killing scholars and officials set by Emperor Taizu of Song Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin.

Su Shi later held a low-ranking official position without real power. After this battle, he became disheartened. Depressed, he visited the Chibi Mountain outside the city of Huangzhou many times and wrote famous works such as "Red Cliff Fu", "Sequential Red Cliff Fu" and "Nian Nujiao: Nostalgia for the Chibi" to express his thoughts and feelings during his exile.

In addition to his official duties, he would lead his family to cultivate a sloping land in Huangzhou to help make a living. It was at this time that Su Shi gave him the nickname Dongpo Jushi.

It was not until he was 48 that Su Shi had a chance to make a comeback and was ordered to go to Ruzhou. Due to the long journey, the fatigue of the journey, the unfortunate death of Su Shi's infant, the travel expenses were exhausted, and coupled with the pain of losing his son, Su Shi wrote to the court to request not to go to Ruzhou temporarily and to live in Changzhou first.

When he was about to return to Changzhou, Emperor Shenzong of Song suddenly passed away. Living in Changzhou, Su Shi had no worries about hunger and cold, could enjoy the beautiful scenery, and was far away from the political disputes in the capital. So Su Shi chose Changzhou as his final resting place.

After Song Zhezong ascended the throne, Empress Dowager Gao took charge of government affairs on the pretext that Song Zhezong was young. Sima Guang was reappointed as prime minister, and the New Party headed by Wang Anshi was suppressed. The 49-year-old Su Shi was also reappointed and soon promoted to Hanlin Bachelor.

After seeing that the emerging forces were desperately trying to exclude the officials of Wang Anshi's group, Su Shi thought that they were no different from the so-called New Party, so he once again made suggestions to the court.

He criticized the corruption exposed by the old party after it came to power, which aroused strong opposition from conservative forces and led to false accusations and frame-ups. Su Shi could neither be tolerated by the new party nor forgiven by the old party, so he had to ask to be exiled.

After this, Su Shi served in Hangzhou and compared himself to Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty, living a comfortable life. However, at the age of 55, Su Shi was recalled to the court and transferred out of Beijing again. Su Shi, who was unable to please his superiors, was demoted to Huizhou again in his later years.

In 1097, Su Shi, who was already 62 years old, was sent to the desolate Danzhou, Hainan Island, by a lone boat. It is said that in the Song Dynasty, exile to Hainan was a punishment only slightly lighter than the execution of the entire family. Su Shi regarded Danzhou as his second hometown. He opened a school here and borrowed the style of study, so that many people traveled thousands of miles to Danzhou to study with him.

During the Song Dynasty, no one in Hainan passed the imperial examination. However, soon after Su Shi returned to the north, Jiang Tangzuo from Hainan became a local tribute. People have always regarded Su Shi as the pioneer and sower of Danzhou culture and have deep respect for him. Dongpo Village, Dongpo Well, Dongpo Field, Dongpo Road, Dongpo Bridge, Dongpo Hat and other relics handed down in Danzhou all express people's nostalgia, and even the language has a Dongpo dialect.

After Song Huizong ascended the throne, the court issued a general amnesty, and Su Shi died in Changzhou on his way back to the north. Su Shi left a will and was buried in Shangruili, Juntai Township, Jiaxian County, Henan Province. Song Gaozong also posthumously conferred him the title of Grand Master.

——"Su Shi lived a peaceful life because he had Su Zhe who carried the burden for him."

——"Su Che had three things in his life: eating, sleeping, and saving Su Shi."

——"Although Su Shi was talented, when Wang Anshi was editing the text, he stood in Sima Guang's camp and opposed Wang Anshi, which was really annoying. I supported Shenzong and Wang Anshi's reform."

——"I wonder what kind of family tradition could have produced two brothers like this. Compared to Su Shi and Su Zhe's talents, I want to know more about their family tradition and education."

[The most loyal brothers in history, Su Zhe, questioned by the "Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties". Historical knowledge of the brothers Su Zhe and Su Shi]

Su Che, whose courtesy name was Ziyou, was the warmest younger brother in Chinese history and a true brother-doting maniac.

In addition to writing poems and serving as an official, he spent his entire life trying to save his brother Su Shi. In this video, let us understand Su Zhe's life in chronological order.

——"Su Shi: Having you is my blessing. Su Zhe: Having you is also my blessing."

Su Zhe was born in Meishan County, Sichuan Province today. He had an older brother named Su Shi, who was four years older than him.

His father Su Xun was also a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. Later generations called Su Shi, Su Zhe and Su Xun the "Three Sus". When Su Zhe was 9 years old, because of his grandfather's death, the three of them stayed at home and studied hard.

During this period, the father not only taught his sons the knowledge he had learned, but also taught them how to behave as a human being.

At the age of 17, Su Che married Shi, who was two years younger than him. Just over a year after the marriage, Su Che, led by his father, came to the capital with his brother to take the imperial examination. Both lived up to expectations and were admitted by Ouyang Xiu.

However, due to the death of their mother, the two brothers had to return to their territorial homeland, Fusang. At the age of 22, Su Che was selected as the chief clerk of Mianchi County, Henan Prefecture. The three of them compiled the poems and fu they wrote on the way from Jiangling to Kaifeng into "Nanxing Ji" and "Nanxing Houji".

A year later, Su Che went to Beijing again to take part in the palace examination. Su Che thought that Song Renzong, who was already 52 years old, might not be interested in serious matters, so he tried his best to explain the importance of politics, and his words were particularly passionate.

After submitting his essay paper, Su Che thought he would fail, but unexpectedly, the deputy examiner Sima Guang ranked him third, protecting Su Che.

But other examiners disagreed, and after fierce debate, Su Che's paper was ranked fourth. Su Che was therefore appointed as a proofreader in the Secretariat, ordered to compile a book on rituals, and stayed in Beijing to serve.

At the age of 28, Su Xun passed away in the capital. Su Zhe and his brothers went down the Bian River and along the Yangtze River back to Shu to bury their father. After the mourning period ended, Su Zhe and his brothers headed east, traveling and playing on their way to the capital.

After returning to the capital, Wang Anshi transferred Su Che to the Regulations Department and discussed the Green Sprout Law with Su Che in detail. Su Che pointed out that the original intention of the Green Sprout Law was to help the people, not to seek profit.

However, if interest is charged, officials will take advantage of the opportunity to engage in illicit activities, which is contrary to the original intention. He also specifically explained the impact that the Qingmiao Law would have on society. After listening to Su Che's words, Wang Anshi did not mention the Qingmiao Law again for the next month.

However, the officials in Shaanxi secretly implemented the Qingmiao Law, issuing loans in spring and collecting them in autumn. Many officials inside and outside the court did not dare to mention this matter in order to cater to Wang Anshi's wishes. Only Su Che wrote a letter to Wang Anshi to strongly oppose it.

This eventually made Wang Anshi very angry, and he banished Su Che from the capital and sent him to Henan to be an official.

During the more than 10 years of wandering, Su Che was transferred to many places. When he was 41 years old, his brother was arrested and imprisoned for writing poems to slander the court. This was the famous Wutai Poetry Case in history.

When Su Che heard the news, he immediately wrote a letter requesting to use his official position to atone for his brother's sins. As a result, he was implicated and demoted to serve as an official in Jiangxi, and was not allowed to be promoted within 5 years.

After the death of Emperor Shenzong of Song, Emperor Zhezong of Song ascended the throne. At that time, Empress Dowager Gao was in charge of the government. She appointed Sima Guang as prime minister and abolished the new law. The old party regained power and the 47-year-old Su Che was recalled to the capital to serve.

Under Su Che's impeachment, the prime minister and officials who supported the new law were dismissed. In the past few years in the capital, Su Che had a smooth career and his official position was promoted all the way.

However, his elder brother Su Shi was repeatedly excluded and wanted to be transferred out of the capital. Su Zhe had no choice but to follow his brother and submit a petition to request a transfer, but it was not approved by the court.