Getting Rich from Legend of Zhen Huan

清世宗爱新觉罗·胤禛（1678年12月13日 [1]—1735年10月8日），清朝第五位皇帝（1722年12月27日 [126]—1735年10月8日 [127]在位），定都北京后第三位皇帝。曾自号破尘居士、圆明主人， [108]年号雍正。康熙帝第四子，母为孝恭仁皇后（即德妃乌雅氏），生于北京紫禁城永和宫。

In the 1698th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (1709), he was conferred the title of Beile; in the 1722th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (2), Yinzhen was conferred the title of Heshuo Yong Prince. After the second dethronement of Crown Prince Yinreng, Yinzhen actively fought for the throne. On November 1723, the 85st year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (86), Emperor Kangxi died of illness in Changchun Garden in the northern suburbs. Yinzhen succeeded to the throne and changed the reign title to Yongzheng the following year. Emperor Yongzheng made a series of reforms during his reign. In order to strengthen the rule over the ethnic minorities in the southwest, he implemented the policy of converting natives into officials. He abolished the system of slavery and implemented the policy of allocating land tax to farmers, [87] which reduced the economic burden of farmers without land or with little land and promoted population growth. He also vigorously rectified the finances, implemented the policy of returning surpluses to the public, established the system of silver for maintaining integrity, and implemented the policy of officials and gentry serving as officials and paying taxes together. In the first year of Emperor Yongzheng's reign (88), he sent troops to Qinghai and put down the rebellion of Lobsang Danjin the following year. [-] Politically, he rectified the administration of officials, established a secret memorial system to monitor his subjects, and established the Grand Council to control all matters. [] He also improved the secret succession system, institutionalized the succession method, and to a certain extent avoided the situation of the princes fighting against each other in the later years of Emperor Kangxi. During his reign, Emperor Yongzheng was diligent in government affairs and boasted that he was "the most diligent in the world" [] and "worked hard from morning till night."

The series of social reforms carried out by Emperor Yongzheng played a key role in the continuation of the prosperous reigns of Kangxi and Qianlong. He died on the 1735rd day of the eighth lunar month in the 58th year of Yongzheng's reign () at the age of . His temple name was Emperor Shizong, and his posthumous title was Emperor Jingtian Changyun Jianzhong Biaozheng Wenwu Yingming Kuanren Xinyi Ruisheng Daxiao Zhicheng Xian. He was buried in the Tai Mausoleum of the Western Qing Tombs and passed the throne to his fourth son Hongli.

Early experiences

Young Yinzhen Enjoying Pleasure

On October 1678, the 12th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi (December 13, 1 [3]), Yinzhen was born in the Yonghe Palace of the Forbidden City in Beijing. Because his mother, Wu Ya, was of low birth, she could not give Yinzhen a special status among the princes. [3] In addition, in the early Qing Dynasty, the harem did not allow mothers to raise their own sons, so Yinzhen was raised by Empress Xiaoyi Ren, Tong Jia, after he was one month old. Empress Xiaoyi Ren was the daughter of Tong Guowei, a first-class duke, and the niece of Empress Xiaokang Zhang. Empress Xiaoyi Ren did not give birth to a prince, but only a princess who died young, so she raised the son of Concubine De. []

In the 1683nd year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (4), Yinzhen entered the Shangshufang [5], where he studied the Four Books and Five Classics with Zhang Ying and learned Manchu from Xu Yuanmeng. The person who had the closest relationship with Yinzhen was Gu Badai, who Yinzhen said had "good conduct and upright learning". In his youth and youth, Yinzhen was strictly controlled by his father and his teacher, and studied the Four Books and Five Classics as the main content. It was also during this period that he wrote poems such as "Reading in Spring" and "Reading in Summer". []

When he was a little older, he followed Emperor Kangxi on his four tours and was ordered to handle some government affairs. In the 1693nd year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (), he also accompanied his third son Yinzhi to worship at the Confucius Temple in Qufu.

In the 1696th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (6), Yinzhen followed Emperor Kangxi in his campaign against Galdan and was in charge of the Red Banner Camp. [7] Although Yinzhen did not participate in this campaign, he was very concerned about the battle and wrote "The Grand Review at Wolf Mountain" and "Two Poems of Praise for the Successful Return" [8] to praise his father's military achievements. [] He also went to the Zunhua Zan'an Fengdian to offer sacrifices to Empress Xiaozhuang Wen.

In the 1698th year of Emperor Kangxi’s reign (9), the 1700-year-old Yinzhen was conferred the title of Beile. [] In the th year of Emperor Kangxi’s reign (), the -year-old Yinzhen accompanied Emperor Kangxi to inspect the Yongding River construction site and checked the quality of the project. At the age of , he accompanied his father on a tour to Mount Wutai. The following year, he accompanied his father on a tour to Jiangsu and Zhejiang to inspect the Yellow River and Huai River control projects.

Operation and storage

Main article: Nine Princes Fight for Succession

In the summer of the 1708th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (1709), Emperor Kangxi deposed Crown Prince Yinreng for the first time. During the process of selecting a new crown prince, Yinzhen supported the reinstatement of Yinreng and maintained a good relationship with the eighth prince Yinsi. In the 9th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (), Yinreng was reinstated as crown prince. In the same year, Yinzhen was conferred the title of Heshuo Yong Prince. [] During this period, the princes formed their own private parties in order to seek the throne, and the intrigues were extremely fierce.

Portrait of Young Yinzhen Reading

After Yinreng was reinstated, he took some radical actions to consolidate his position, which displeased Emperor Kangxi. In the 1711th year of Kangxi's reign (10), he was deposed again. After that, court officials continued to work hard to restore him to the throne, but they were all punished by Emperor Kangxi. The princes were eager to seize the throne. The eighth prince Yinsi continued his activities and was once again reprimanded by his father. The fourteenth prince Yinzhen "fawned on the wise and humble", contacted people from all sides, and "had some plans." [1718] In the 11th year of Kangxi's reign (), the fourteenth prince Yinzhen was appointed as the General of Fuyuan. He went to the northwest and commanded two Qing armies to enter Tibet. He sent the seventh Dalai Lama to Lhasa, expelled the Junggar forces that had once occupied Tibet, and stabilized the situation in Tibet. His reputation grew and he had the possibility of becoming the crown prince. The third prince, Prince Cheng Yinzhi, was ordered to open a school for enlightenment and was surrounded by a group of scholars. He also “desired to be crowned as the heir”, so much so that after Yinreng was deposed again, he “proclaimed himself the crown prince” [].

Yinzhen was good at governing the country and knew how to keep a low profile. He respected Buddhism and Taoism, called himself "the world's first idle man", maintained harmony with his brothers, had close contacts with Nian Gengyao and Longkodo, and showed filial piety to his father, Emperor Kangxi, winning the trust of Emperor Kangxi. [92] In the 1721th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (93), when Yongzheng was years old, it was the th anniversary of Emperor Kangxi's accession to the throne. He was ordered to go to Shengjing to pay homage to his ancestors' mausoleum, and returned to Beijing to participate in the review of the examination papers for the tribute scholars. On the winter solstice, he obeyed the order to offer sacrifices to the heaven in the southern suburbs on behalf of Emperor Kangxi. The following year, he checked the warehouses in Jing and Tong, and was ordered to offer sacrifices to the heaven on the winter solstice. These activities of Yinzhen had two meanings for him. First, because he accompanied the emperor on many tours and handled government affairs, his footprints covered major regions of China, which gave him the opportunity to understand the local economic products, mountains and rivers, folk customs, religious beliefs, and historical issues, and obtained first-hand information on civil affairs. Second, he observed Emperor Kangxi's handling of political affairs, examined local administration and officialdom, and honed his ability to handle certain political affairs and gained some experience in politics. These two factors had great practical significance for Yinzhen's future governance of state affairs. []

Yongzheng's victory in the struggle for the throne was inevitable. First, his talent and pragmatism would win the support of some people. His subordinate Dai Duo once praised his master to the Grand Secretary Li Guangdi: "He is both talented and virtuous, and he can do a lot with both kindness and power. [12]" In fact, in the struggle for the crown prince, Yongzheng proposed a political policy of rectifying old habits and making progress, which was opposed to the benevolent and righteous policy of the eighth prince Yinsi, in order to win the hearts of the people. Second, he was good at playing double-dealing, thus deceiving his opponents and Emperor Kangxi, so that his political enemies would not pay attention to him and would not concentrate their forces to deal with him, thus achieving success easily. Third, he had a group that exerted its strength at critical moments, such as stabilizing the situation in Beijing through Longkodo, controlling Yinzhen and stabilizing the northwest region through Nian Gengyao. [94]