Back to the Republic of China to be a editor

On September 9, the People's Army launched another full-line attack on the Busan defensive circle. This was probably the last attack by the People's Army.The People's Army on the Eastern Front once broke through the newly added South 3th Division and the U.S. 5st Regiment's defense line. The U.S. military also created a new record for casualties in a single day in the Korean War-21 casualties in one day.However, the capabilities of the People's Army have also reached their limits. On September 1245, the attack power on the southern front dropped sharply. On September 9, the People's Army was forced to retreat. On the 6th, the 9th Division of the People's Army was completely defeated by the US counterattack.

What the People's Army didn't know was that before the last offensive was over, a brigade of the U.S. Marine Corps in the Busan defense circle quietly left the battle and boarded a ship at Busan Port.This is not only the performance of the US military commander's ability to control the frontline battle situation, but also the prelude to MacArthur's next phase of operations.

Chapter 59, I'm going to write an operating system

Shanghai, Shanghai Computer Institute of Electronic Information Industry Bureau.

"Happy birthday, Professor Lebedev!"

"Happy birthday!"

The deputy director and chief computer expert Lebedev and his colleagues set up a small round table in the supercomputing hall and put birthday cakes, candles, vodka and apple pie to celebrate their birthday.

Looking at Andrei, Vetelnikov, Alexander, several Chinese researchers in the supercomputing team, and then looking back at the "big baby" of the supercomputing hall - TC50 supercomputer, Lebedev is in a very good mood today good.

It has been several months since he came to China from the Soviet Union. Lebedev lives in Shanghai, a city no smaller than Kiev.As a professor and researcher, Lebedev is equipped with an interpreter and enjoys the treatment of a Soviet expert in a small building. He can see the Huangpu River by opening the window, and there are designated Russian restaurants not far from the door.Of course, not all Soviet experts lived as comfortably as Lebedev. Some aid projects to China started construction on a blank sheet of paper, and the researcher-level Soviet experts who aided China had to work with ordinary workers in the field. Live in a tent for a few months.

When he left the bustling Shanghai and visited other cities in the Yangtze River Delta, what Lebedev saw was the backward countryside, where all the people were working in medieval ways, either bending over the land or pushing a wheelbarrow. come and go.But the factory he wants to visit, when he walks into the gate, what he sees is another era, the highly automated assembly line in the workshop, the workers who are meticulously processing parts, and the leaders who hold the manual to coordinate and direct the production, it is in these factories, What Lebedev once dreamed of: small transistors, magnetic memory, and high-precision circuits were produced one by one, followed by a complex and sophisticated logistics system, transported to the place where they should go, assembled into parts, assembled into system, and finally assembled a computer with enough performance to be several years ahead of the United States and the Soviet Union.No, Valery, as a senior engineer, has no place in the Computer Institute because his professional direction is circuit maintenance and vacuum tubes. In the end, he had the resources to work as a technical expert in an electronics factory in Hangzhou. ...It is really an ancient and mysterious country.What he saw in Shanghai was industrial civilization, what he saw in the countryside was medieval civilization, and what Lebedev saw in the factories—to be exact, the laboratories and factories of the Bureau of Electronics and Information Industry—was the future.

"Thank you all for coming together and celebrating my birthday," Lebedev beamed. "And thank you all for your work, thank you."

Amid applause (Happy Birthday songs were not popular in the Soviet Union), Lebedev blew out the candles.A few minutes later, when people tried to turn on the lights again, they found that the power was out.

"Oh," Lebedev also vaguely heard the air defense siren going off in the distance, "blackout. There must be another plane coming from Taiwan."

In fact, Shanghai is not so severely harassed by the National Army Air Force now. After all, Penghu is lost. There are no bombers anymore, all want fighter jets.As for the bombing of Shanghai, it was only an occasional show, and was often reprimanded by the United States, saying that it might trigger the mainland to attack Taiwan.

Lebedev had to take out two more lighting candles and light them.Using candlelight, Lebedev used a knife to cut open the birthday cake whose fruit layer accounted for half of the total thickness, and divided each person into a small plate. "Since there is a power outage today, everyone should go back to rest." Lebedev said, "Bring your cakes."

He picked up a piece of watermelon with a small fork and put it into his mouth, and then picked up half a strawberry. It was rare for Lebedev to enjoy the candlelight night alone.

Cutting off a small piece of the cake, Lebedev was about to put it in his mouth, when he suddenly stared at the incomplete sharp-edged fan-shaped cake in a daze.Lifting the plate, looking at the sector, at the bottom of the cake, at the layer of fruit, Lebedev inserted a small fork through the layer of fruit and pulled it out again.Plug it in, pull it out again...

"I figured it out! That's how it should be!"

Lebedev slammed his fist on the table, got up and looked around for pencils and scratch paper.

The hardware design of the TC50 supercomputer has been decided by Tang Hua—it is built with T50 computing units, so Tang Hua only arranges 160 computing units properly, and the rest is not a big problem.The task Tang Hua assigned to Lebedev was to write something called an operating system for the T50. It is said that even Tang Hua had already decided on the model, called Operation-1, the English name was OS1, and the Russian name was ос1.

"The operating system mainly includes the following functions: [-]. Process management, which solves the scheduling, allocation and recycling of computing units when there are multiple jobs or tasks; [-]. Job management; [-]. Storage management, including storage allocation, storage Sharing, storage protection, and storage expansion; fourth, file management; fifth, device management. The fifth function can be postponed, but the first four functions should be completed as soon as possible."

After receiving the task, Bedev has been struggling with 0, 1, magnetic cores, various switches and circuits.Over the past few months, the structure of Operation-1 has probably been completed... 85% of the workload, but there are many places in which Lebedev still feels puzzled, sometimes his head is dizzy, and he does not know what his design will eventually produce. What is it? Although the hardware of the TC-50 computer was shipped to the Computer Institute two months ago, it has been placed in the supercomputing hall.

I cut a cake today and ate two bites, and I suddenly came up with inspiration for no reason.

Lebedev's hand quickly wrote and drew on the paper, drawing arrows and lines one by one, and then quickly wrote rows of 0 and 1 next to the picture.

"Okay, that's how it should be." In a short while, the scratch paper was filled by Lebedev, and the programming volume of about 1Kbit was completed in a short while.I stood up and wanted to pull the switch, but found that it was still in a blackout state.Lebedev, who was having a storm in his head, felt uncomfortable all over. He walked around the work room of the supercomputer hall twice, walked to the cabinet, and opened it with a "crash", and there was a 64K magnetic core memory inside.Relying on the memory of working during the day, Lebedev disassembled the memory and took out a magnetic core.Holding the magnetic core, Lebedev went around the workshop again and found a small electromagnet with a switch.After installing the battery, Lebedev felt that the tangled wires on the electromagnet were very uncomfortable, so he wiped the plastic knife for cutting the cake, put the electromagnetic coil on the tip of the knife, and wound the wires around the plastic. sharply.

……

Tang Hua got off the train in the evening and headed to the computer office, and heard the air defense alarm on the way.Vehicles were forbidden to move on the street, so I had to get out of the car and walk. After walking for a long time, I finally arrived at the computer office.I asked the guard for a flashlight, and went upstairs to find the supercomputer hall.

"Someone?...Old Lie? What are you doing, Lao Lie?"

In the middle of the night, the building of the research institute was silent. Under the dim candlelight, Lebedev sat alone in the workshop of the supercomputer hall, with his head lowered, and a small knife in his hand. Gestures on the core board...

"Hush, be quiet," Lebedev saw Tang Hua walk in, but he didn't move. "I'm writing an operating system."

In the aperture of the flashlight, Lebedev focused on the code written on his own scratch paper, and scanned the small rings one by one on the 64X64 small magnetic ring array of the magnetic core memory.When it is necessary to write 0, the tip of the knife is on the front of the memory core board, carefully positioned on top of a small ring, and then lightly press the switch of the electromagnet...

"Old Lie, you will become a legend."

Four or ten minutes later, Lebedev almost filled the two magnetic core memory boards. When he put down the carving knife—no, it was a plastic cake knife with a small electromagnet wrapped around it, the light in the supercomputing room also turned on. ——The air defense alarm is lifted, and the power supply is restored.

"Legend? Oh, we formed the legend together," Lebedev said. "The world's most powerful computing machine is being born here. This is a legend in the history of human civilization."

"No, Lao Lie, only you are a legend," Tang Hua smiled while shaking his head, "Many years later, people will only remember a great god who carved an operating system on the hard disk with a knife in the middle of the night when no one was around. ..."

……

Beijing Computer Institute.

"Get through again! It's a success!"

The cabinet made according to the size restricted by Tang Hua was filled with various circuit components, and the research team members of the Beijing Computer Institute and the Communication Electronics Institute wiped the sweat from their heads.After a month of hard work, the research team started from the space vector equation, and gradually transformed the state of motion into an equation, then into a signal, and finally into the circuit of the box in front of us.

"In that case, shall we send a telegram to Minister Tang? No, Minister Tang is at the Shanghai Institute, we can make a phone call." Zhang Jue, the team leader, is the one who works the most overtime these days. I haven't showered for a week, and Tang Hua can tell from Dalian's custom-made overalls that they are dirty and discolored.

Zhang Jue was also very surprised why Minister Tang stipulated that the summer and autumn work clothes of the computer institute should be blue + gray plaid shirts, why not just wear the electrician's full dark blue work clothes, which are more resistant to dirt.

Zhang Jue ran upstairs to the office to make a long-distance call. Tang Hua was not at the phone, but the work secretary answered the call.Zhang Jue verbally reported the progress of the Beijing office and asked the work secretary to record it.

Back in the research group's workshop, Zhang Jue continued to appreciate and indulge himself around the cabinet.Unexpectedly, the vector calculation of the two sets of data is quite difficult, thanks to the smart heads of all the research team - the core personnel are all from Tsinghua University and North China University, and it is easy to solve math problems and physics problems.I have never been in touch with logic circuits before, but with the manual left by Tang Hua, the research team managed to master the design skills of logic circuits in 10 days, from addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division to integral circuits, and worked together to finally master the design skills of logic circuits. The drawing of the cabinet is done.The other group of people is in charge of a person who has been in contact with computer computing units in Shanghai, and he builds transistors and various components on the board.

The vector computing research team has less than 20 people in total, and is divided into 4 different functional groups. Almost everyone has a very definite task, and no one can do without anyone.Of course, after a month of assault, Zhang Jue also felt that the cooperation of the research team became more and more tacit.

The handbook that was issued explained the real purpose of this thing. After reading the handbook, Zhang Jue and all the members of the research team felt very shocked.Missile - a weapon that can automatically fly to the target and shoot down the plane. If it is put into the battlefield, what a revolution it will be!And one of the core components of the missile is the cabinet I am making.

"Team Leader Zhang, Shanghai has called back! It was Secretary Wu who called. Director Tang said that your work efficiency is very high. If this is the case, I will add another task to you," someone shouted upstairs, and then a head came from the stairs. Going up and down, "Minister Tang wants you to use the same circuit scale to complete the function of solving two target vector parameters at the same time! Complete the design within one month!"

Chapter 60, attacking the M-209 cipher machine

The next day, Tang Hua met Wang Yongjun who came to Shanghai quietly a week ago at the computer supercomputer.

Lao Wang started to specialize in password cracking from Jiangxi. Although countless codes have been cracked in the past ten years, not all intercepted telegrams can be solved by Lao Wang.

The ultra-high cracking rate in the Jiangxi period was actually an exception. At that time, both the Central Army and the warlords used a very primitive encryption system. It would be good to be able to use the ADFGX level chessboard encryption method of the German Army in World War I. There are simpler methods than this.During the Anti-Japanese War and the War of Liberation, the encryption system of the national army was trained by the United States for a round, and the progress was not small.Lao Wang's common routine is to first decipher some secret codes with low encryption levels of the national army, and use them as clues to overcome secret codes with higher secret levels.Encryption in the classical era, if you use the technology of the classical era to crack it, it is actually quite difficult, requiring many coincidences, guessing the enemy's habit of secret key settings, the enemy's low-level mistakes, and actively fishing if you don't make mistakes...even relying on A flash of inspiration flashed in the cracker's mind.

In the past week, Lao Wang has read the entire T50 computer manual, and he is very skilled in operation.Now Lao Wang is holding the original manuscript of the user manual of the TC50 computer (not yet fully written) and reading it carefully.

"Section Chief Wang," Tang Hua went over to say hello, "I'm Tang Hua."

"Hello, Minister Tang," Lao Wang certainly heard Li Kenong mention Tang Hua, "I'm reading the user manual of this supercomputer."

TC50 is actually partially operational now, and what Lebedev was struggling with yesterday was the storage management part.But now this TC50 can use its full computing power to work - as long as it is given the appropriate program.

"According to the plan we worked out with the Ministry of Intelligence before, the supercomputer is prepared for the cracking team, mainly targeting the tactical code of the US military, that is, the M-209 cipher machine." Tang Hua said.

Lao Wang nodded, "Yes, that's right. On the way here, I was drawing up a preliminary cracking plan, and now I am refining the details of the plan."

"Section Chief Wang, my idea is that it doesn't need to be so troublesome. You don't need to wait for coincidences, lure you into the bait, or catch the loopholes. If you break it, it will be over." Tang Hua heard that Lao Wang seemed to be drawing up a huge plan, and laughed. Yes, he patted Pharaoh on the shoulder very relaxedly, "We directly attack the ciphertext of M-209."

Pharaoh: "..."

M-209, the mechanical cipher machine used by the US military since World War II, has a total output of 14 units. In 1952, it was replaced with an upgraded version of the C-52. M-209 is tied with the German Enigma machine, known as the pinnacle of encryption machines in the classical era.

The size of the M-209 is only the size of an iron lunch box. When marching, the signal soldier can hang it on his waist and walk.Encryption is also very simple. After setting up the cipher machine, take out the original text of the telegram, fill in the space with Z, and then type the telegram on the keyboard of the M-209 from the beginning, and the M-209 will spit out the encrypted telegram like a typewriter. Come out for newspaper distribution, no need to look up the book page by page with the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.It can even be directly connected to the transmitter more conveniently.Therefore, although the M-209 message was partially cracked during World War II, the U.S. military until the Korean War still felt that M-209 was generally safe, portable, and fast in encryption speed. It should be fine to use.