Back to the Republic of China to be a editor

"Now, based on the forward-looking data and maps, the first demonstration of the calculation of shooting parameters is performed."

The battalion commander turns on the walkie-talkie, and the observers elsewhere (pretend to) report the parameters of a target to the battalion commander.The battalion commander listens to the voice of the walkie-talkie, and repeats the key parameters once he hears them. The staff enters the data according to the repeated voice, and the battalion commander watches the input process of the staff to see if there are any wrong keys.After all the parameters are entered, the operation is performed.

Kazakov watched the staff press a large iron button on the top of the PJX-1.

Then the staff officer began to read the data on the segment code display.

"Completed?" asked Kazakov.

Su Jin: "The calculation time of shooting parameters will not exceed three seconds. If it exceeds three seconds, the operator must have made a wrong operation or pressed an invalid button."

Then the battalion commander demonstrated the functions of shooting parameter pre-storage and coordinate transformation.

Su Jin: "Based on the popularization of the bombardment azimuth system and walkie-talkies, our First Artillery Division has now mastered the simultaneous bombardment and shooting method."

Kazakov: "Simultaneous shooting method, TOT of the US military?"

Su Jin: "On the Korean battlefield, we noticed that the US artillery often used this tactic, and we came back to conduct research. This is a shooting method with a relatively complicated coordination process, but the field artillery computer provides fast calculations and artillery azimuth system operations. With the support of reliable communication equipment, it is not difficult to do this."

Kazakov looked at Shtemenko, who said they hadn't demonstrated it to me the last time I visited.

Some people say that during World War II, the Soviet artillery was large-scale and the American artillery was flexible-in fact, this is not necessarily true.

As long as the U.S. military really needs it in the battle, it can organize a large-scale artillery to fight at any time. The Germans experienced it on the Western Front at the end of World War II. The 12th Army and the 15th Army bombed stupidly.

In the late period of World War II, the Soviet army often had cases of quick response when artillery provided fire support to the front, and at the end of World War II, the Soviet army also tried to use TOT tactics.

However, the artillery training system and command system of the Soviet army are different from those of the US military. Although some artillery units have fought TOT, the artillery units have to receive additional training.In other words, by the end of the 40s, the students who graduated from the Soviet Artillery School did not teach TOT in the textbooks. If they wanted to play TOT on the battlefield, they had to read the "extracurricular books" currently compiled by the Artillery Corps.

In the next half an hour, Kazakov and Shtemenko actually saw the TOT demonstrated by the First Artillery Division at the south entrance.

Shitemenko randomly pointed out a point on the targetable area on the map, the battalion commander took the map, and the staff officer began to calculate the shooting elements—calculated three parameters for each of the three groups of four 4mm howitzers in the artillery battalion .The three groups of howitzers were 122 kilometers away from the target and 7 kilometers away at the farthest. Under the unified coordination and countdown command of the battalion command post, 11 shells landed on the target area almost at the same time, and the shooting accuracy was not bad.

……

"Prime Minister, Nie Shuai: The basic component technology used by the PJX-1 field artillery computer is the same as that of the T51 computer, and it does not use technology beyond this generation of computers....Moreover, my country will continue to export the next generation of general-purpose computers to the Soviet Union in the future , so the PJX-1 can be exported to the Soviet side. But please the Soviet side also like the T51 computer, put the purchased PJX-1 under confidential supervision, and don’t disclose relevant information.”

"According to my recent experience in the artillery unit inspection and teaching, and after I came back, I think PJX-1 is just a relatively simple automatic tool to solve shooting problems. Its application does not mean that the use of artillery will happen. In many respects, artillery using the PJX-1 remains the same as it was in World War II, only with quantitative improvements."

"After PJX-1, I think the development direction of the field artillery computer is an automatic data processing system and a data distribution system. The information transmission and processing system of the entire artillery will be fully automated, allowing the artillery to further get rid of the complicated affairs that are currently handled manually. This will lead to a qualitative change in artillery technology. ... If the Artillery Command is interested in this idea, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Industry can carry out the development of equipment later.”

"Soviet comrades may propose that we authorize the Soviet side and provide some core components for the Soviet Union to produce or assemble the PJX-1 field artillery computer. After all, artillery equipment is very important to the Soviet army. My opinion is that if there is Perhaps, the negotiating comrades still strive to export the PJX-1 complete machine from my country to the Soviet Union, so as far as I am concerned, I can obtain more foreign exchange, which is beneficial to the follow-up Korean War funds and the future national economic construction.”

Tang Hua put the written telegram into the file bag and handed it to the general staff standing at the door. The staff saluted and left.

Tang Hua, who was overwhelmed by the news that the UNIVAC-1 computer made a lot of money just now, was in a much better mood.It seems that in addition to general-purpose computers, field artillery computers are also a way to make money...

Chapter 198, Giveaway of the Field Artillery Computer

"Comrade Shtemenko, since the things we are negotiating transactions are top-secret equipment of great importance to the two countries and the armed forces, neither our side nor your foreign trade department will participate. I hope you can understand."

The negotiating delegation headed by Chief of the General Staff Nie and the delegation of Chief of the General Staff Stemenko.

Stemenko nodded. "The leader of the Ministry of Foreign Trade can only be responsible for signing, as long as the price you offer is reasonable."

Nie Shuai: "First of all, just like the T50 and T51 computers we exported to you, the PJX-1 also contains technical secrets. As artillery equipment, it also involves important military secrets, so the PJX-1 you purchased should be placed under confidential supervision. Next, don’t leak equipment information to the outside world.”

Article [-] is passed without objection.

Stemenko also said that it is best for the Czech Republic, Romania and other countries not to export PJX-1 to them for the time being.The armies of these cannon fodder countries are extremely small, so Nie Shuai was also prepared for the possible request of the Soviet Union at the preparatory meeting before the negotiation, and finally reached an agreement.

Shtemenko: "If the Soviet Union applies for the patent authorization of the PJX-1 computer and produces a field artillery computer in the Soviet Union for use by the Soviet army, can such a plan be discussed?"

Nie Shuai: "The PJX-1 computer can be produced in China to obtain better manufacturing quality and lower manufacturing costs. Since the industrial supply chain in the Soviet Union is not complete from the component level, even if the patent authorization is obtained, it must achieve self-reliance. Manufacture of field artillery computers also requires a long period of operation, and may have to purchase parts or components from China during manufacture. If purchased from China, 10 to 20 PJX-1s can be delivered within a month at the fastest for use The training of artillery units and academies.”

Shtemenko and Nie Shuai blabla confronted each other for a few rounds. Nie Shuai didn't mean to let go. He also lowered his posture and said that it is very difficult for China to achieve a trade balance with the Soviet Union. The field artillery computer can change the embarrassing situation in the trade between the two sides. , Chen Xilian also raised the banner of the Sino-Soviet alliance, and finally the Sino-Soviet delegation reached an agreement.

Nie Shuai: "In terms of price, some parts of the PJX-1 field artillery computer, such as the main computing unit, are common to the T51 computer, but there are also some parts that are specially developed. In addition, in order to meet military needs, the whole machine has been specially reinforced. It also adopts a rainproof design. The price of each standard T51 computer is 52 rubles, and the PJX-1... We are frank, although it has a special military standard design, the core components, especially the total number of transistors It is less than T51, therefore, the price of each PJX-1 is 35 rubles."

Kazakov: "The volume of PJX-1 is less than one-fifth of T51."

Nie Shuai: "This is not buying meat in the vegetable market. The price of technical equipment is not directly proportional to its volume and weight... Sometimes it is even the other way around. For example, if we make a palm-sized product with the same function as PJX- 1 comparable field artillery computer, then it might be worth 135 million rubles instead of 35."

Shtemenko heard that the price of the PJX-1 is only about two-thirds of that of the T51 computer. In fact, this has already entered his psychological price range.So did Kazakov.China and the Soviet Union had a 10-minute negotiation on the price of the field artillery computer, and the final tentative price was 32 rubles.

聂帅：“我军每个炮兵营配备1台PJX-1，师部1台，每个炮兵师共装备10台。我军已经有6个炮兵师配备了60台野战炮兵计算机，剩下的等待配备计算机的炮兵师就只有4到6个了……我们的产能在1952年确实有剩余，因此你们订货的话，1952年初就可以以每月20台的速度交付。”

Kazakov: "You equip each artillery battalion with a PJX-1?"

Chen Xilian: "This is the case at present. Your artillery divisions seem to have a brigade-artillery company organization..."

Kazakov: "These differences have little effect. We have already considered the level of deployment of field artillery computers, and indeed they should be deployed in battalions or in battalion-equivalent formations."

Nie Shuai: "If we can confirm the order quantity of field artillery computers now, then we can better arrange production."

Kazakov: "We need 500 units."

……

Artillery commander Chen Xilian lowered his head and covered his heart with his right hand.Kazakov, you are amazing, you can fire flash bombs here, showing that the Soviet Union has 50 artillery divisions.

Nie Shuai was not shocked by Kazakov's show off, but at the moment he was also panting heavily and speechless.

500 units, 1 million rubles.

The next negotiation is computer maintenance, manuals, training and other peripheral issues, as well as delivery dates.Both Kazakov and Shtemenko said that China could deliver 20 units/month at the initial stage of the contract, but it should reach a delivery rate of 1952 units/month in the second half of 40, so that it can be delivered within 18 to 24 months. All delivered.

"This is the largest single export trade between China and the Soviet Union to the Soviet Union so far. The Government Affairs Council and the Electronic Information Industry Bureau have already made arrangements. We will present a gift to the Soviet Union to celebrate the successful signing of this trade contract."

After the negotiations were over, when China and the Soviet Union signed the contract the next day, Nie Shuai added another gift to the deal.

"We will give the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union an 'Electronic Voting and Counting System' for free, which has the same function as the 'Electronic Voting and Counting System for CPPCC Meetings' currently in use in our country."

……

Buying a field artillery computer gave a set of electronic voting counting system as a gift. It was the prime minister's proposal at first, and Tang Hua sent a telegram from Shanghai back in favor.

For a bill of 1 million rubles, it is nothing to send an electronic voting counting system.The first system was made by interns from Tsinghua University and North China University. The cost of materials is easy to calculate, but the cost of labor can only be estimated.But a rough calculation should not exceed 6 billion yuan (100 rubles).

Besides, this first set was given as a gift, and it will be sold later.The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union gave it away for free, but there are 15 republics in the Soviet Union. Don’t these republics also hold a congress of the Supreme Soviet.

In the office of the Shanghai Institute of Computer Science, Tang Hua also received a report from the General Administration of Ordnance Industry that the Taiyuan Arsenal was tinkering with.

The Taiyuan Armory Factory run by Yan Xishan was one of the arsenals in the Republic of China. After 49 years, Tang Hua solved the most basic material problems of the Taiyuan Armory Factory. With Liu Nai’s personal supervision, the factory was fully operational in 1951. . According to the plan of the General Administration of Ordnance Industry in early 1951, Dalian Jianxin Company transferred the production of American-style bullets to Taiyuan, from 12.7X99mm anti-aircraft machine gun bullets to American-style rifle bullets, carbine bullets, and 11.43mm pistol bullets.

Next, engineers from Taiyuan Arsenal began to imitate American firearms.First imitated two kinds: M3 "Gade" submachine gun and M1911A1 pistol.

Then things took unforeseen consequences...