Back to the Republic of China to be a editor

Before he was caught, Shockley decided to resign from Bell Labs.He believes that Bell Labs at this time has become completely ossified, not paying attention to innovation, product popularization and commercial application after innovation.Therefore, he plans to resign and then pull an investment to start William Shockley's laboratory, to make the transistor effect he discovered into actual products, and to make a lot of money from it.

However, just about to resign, in early July 1951, he was invited by the CIA to drink coffee.

"Mr. William Shockley, now please frankly admit the facts, details, and key contacts of your contacts with the Communists, and list in detail the American technologies that have leaked from you."

The CIA agent had no expression on his face, and made his opening remarks in the coldest tone.

"What? What kind of absurd thing is this?" Shockley said angrily, "Is there anything more absurd than this on earth? I have never known any Communists, let alone ask the Communists Molecules leak what technology!"

The CIA agent was unmoved, like a repeater, and repeated his opening sentence again.Twice, three times...

In the first round, the two sides fought for more than half an hour. Shockley was so angry that his nose was crooked, and his mouth was crooked from exhaustion. The CIA agent finally sneered, took out evidence and threw it on the table.

"Mr. William Shockley, you published some papers and you were also the director of the Transistor Physics Division at Bell Laboratories. It was at Bell Laboratories that you made some prototype transistors in... 1947. Ironically, since then For four years, there was no improvement in the transistor at Bell Labs. Now we understand that while Bell Labs was standing still, you were working. Just not working for America."

The CIA agent threw a damaged DJ-1 walkie-talkie on the table, holding a transistor that had been removed from the walkie-talkie.

Shockley's eyes were wide open, and now he was not angry, but trying to see clearly what the CIA agent was holding in his dangling hand.

"what is this?"

"Don't ask knowingly."

"I do not know what it was!"

The agent dropped the transistor on the table and drew a report from his side.

"The Chinese use the peculiar circuit design of transistors to reduce the volume and weight of their radio mobile communication equipment to a terrible level, and achieve a maximum communication distance of up to 40 kilometers on such a small communication device." The agent read again The last line of the report, "You leaked transistor technology to the Chinese."

"This was developed by the Chinese themselves after reading my published papers!"

CIA agents come up with another report.

"When we investigated this matter, we also discovered a terrible fact. A company named WSTH actually registered a patent for silicon germanium transistors in the United States, but they never promoted and introduced this patent to commercial companies in the United States. But if If a company in the United States tries to manufacture silicon-germanium semiconductor effect diodes and triodes, it will violate the patent rights of this company! Behind WSTH is a British company, and the backstage investor of this British company is a Hong Kong shell company. WSTH . . . Mr. William Shockley, your initials are WS. Admit it, you have it all."

Chapter 174, Shanghai Institute and Huawei Laboratory

William Shockley was not alone in being interrogated and censored by the CIA.More than a dozen people from Bell Labs were taken away by the CIA, including Walter Bratton of the Semiconductor Group in the Solid State Department. During World War II, he worked with Shockley to study the strange phenomena that occurred when silicon/germanium was doped with impurities, and published a study in 1947. Thesis, and made a practical solid-state amplifier with germanium, which is the earliest transistor.

Walter Bratton also looked innocent in the face of CIA agents.After confronting each other across the table for a whole day, the CIA agents didn't find anything that Walter Bratton said. Well, it might be because he had undergone strict counter-espionage training.

After Shockley and Bratton were released, they were both temporarily suspended and placed under residential surveillance, and were not allowed to enter Bell Labs.Of course, Shockley had made up his mind to quit his job and start a business. If he didn't enter Bell Labs, he wouldn't enter.But the head of the CIA told him that "you must not touch any cutting-edge technology projects and undertake defense contracts in the future." Shockley was dumbfounded.

There is also John Bardeen, the inventor of the transistor, who had left Bell Labs because of a quarrel with Shockley before the "thing came to light" and went to work as a professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he was engaged in research in two directions at the same time , one is the quantum theory that continues behind the transistor of Bell Labs, and the other is macroscopic quantum science.When he was summoned by the CIA for questioning, John Bardeen also had a look of disbelief.

It wasn't just Bell Labs that was ransacked.The disastrous defeat of the United Nations Army in the fifth battle, especially the appearance of several mysterious weapons by the Chinese and North Korean troops made Joseph McCarthy very excited-because he had another job to do.And the appearance of this kind of thing proves that his previous speech in Congress is completely correct and predictable?

Boeing.

"The Federal Bureau of Investigation is going to conduct a comprehensive investigation of Boeing's MX-606 and MX-1599 projects. I have now been authorized to ask you to suspend all work on the two projects, centralize control of engineering and technical personnel, and accept interrogation."

"MX-606 and MX-1599? People from these two projects are spread across 5 labs in our company, and in Los Amos, there is also a liaison office for the MX-1599 project. It's not a day or two. All suspended and controlled. What is the cause of the matter?"

The executive assistant to the FBI's intelligence division walked into Boeing headquarters with a few people.In the face of the vice president of Boeing, the FBI agents were quite polite.

Executive Assistant: "We have ample evidence to suspect that the anti-aircraft missile program has spies and leakers who have leaked the latest U.S. technology to China and the Soviet Union."

The vice president is the vice president of the technical direction, and he blinked his eyes when he heard the words of the executive assistant. "Gentlemen of the FBI, you know about MX-606 and MX-1599, and know that they are anti-aircraft missile projects. You must have done your homework on this technology in advance, right?"

Seeing the executive assistant nodding, the vice president took out a few documents from the filing cabinet behind him.

"It's not just the CIA and the FBI that are collecting and focusing on all sorts of intelligence, Boeing is also, of course probably only focusing on technical and commercial intelligence that is relevant to the company's interests. So -- that's one of our concerns. The Chinese military uses' We have been paying attention to it. Mr. Executive Assistant, if my guess is correct, the briefcase you brought must also contain information and restoration drawings of this missile."

"I'll show you another thing." The vice president put the Hongqi-1 anti-aircraft missile pattern that the pilot dictated and then drew and restored on the table, and took out a blueprint from another stack of materials, and put it on the table. "This is MX-1599. MX-1599 and 'Seoul' are both called anti-aircraft missiles by you, but frankly, I don't think there is any technical connection between them."

The executive assistant and the senior agent next to him walked to the table and saw the blueprints of Boeing's MX-1599 program.

A missile with a total length of 14.2 meters...

It is even more exaggerated than the Soviet "Golden Eagle"/S-25 air defense missile.

Pointed, two slightly pointed triangular main wings, under the main wings are two engine pods, RJ43-MA-3 ramjet engines. ——One of the earliest ramjet engines in the world, which was a black technology in 1951.

So MX-1599 is actually a fighter jet propelled by ramjet, with a cruising speed of 2.5 times the speed of sound, a cruising altitude of 18000 meters, and a range of 700 kilometers. It still takes off vertically with a booster.

"Why does MX-1599 have a liaison office at Los Amos?" the vice president said, "Because MX-1599 is going to use a nuclear warhead, detonated in the air to destroy the entire bomber fleet. Los Amos is designing and manufacturing Nuclear warheads that can be used on MX-1599."

After the vice president finished speaking, the executive assistant couldn't think of any reason to refute, and looked down at the two pictures in thought.

The length of the Chinese missile is only more than 2 meters, the range does not exceed 9 kilometers, and the shooting height does not exceed 4500 meters.It is not an exaggeration to say that a ramjet engine of the MX-1599 is larger than the entire Chinese missile.

……

"Gentlemen of the FBI, I want to provide you with some information. It would be great if it could help you." The vice president spoke again, "Hughes Aircraft Company, MX-799, also called AAM-A-2. The Air Force loves the program and is said to have received the official designation of the F-98."

Executive Assistant: "An anti-aircraft missile designed by the Hughes Aircraft Company?"

VP: "Exactly, it's an air-to-air missile. I think you guys must have missed your job--only reviewing the surface-to-air missile project that the United States is designing. In fact, the air-to-air missile has gone through some wrong Too much modification, and it can be launched from the ground. As far as I know, the MX-799 is 7 feet long, 7 inches in diameter, and has a maximum range of 6 miles. These data are consistent with the 'Seoul' air defense missile."

The vice president finally sent the agents away, but Boeing was still required to make up the loyalty report of all key personnel.

Trouble is troublesome, but it is much better than project shutdown.

Besides, seeing the sudden realization on the expression of the executive assistant today, he probably succeeded in directing the disaster to Hughes Company.

……

Shanghai.

Lebedev has been in China for two years.

Other Soviet experts came to China to help China develop basic industries.Lao Lie came to China to continue his academic research in Ukraine.Moreover, in the past two years, Lao Lie has made achievements or technological breakthroughs one after another in Shanghai, which is much more comfortable than bumping and bumping in Ukraine and doing design secretly. To describe it in one word, it is so exciting.

Lebedev's wife is now a teacher at Shanghai University, and his daughter works as an interpreter with a group of experts who aid China. The whole family has moved here.The standard treatment of the first-level technical experts in the Soviet Union-the single-family building is not bad, and there are designated Russian restaurants.

But when it comes to eating... Now Lao Lie and Tang Hua are sitting in a small restaurant near the Town God's Temple, skillfully picking up a soup-filled steamed bun with chopsticks, biting a corner of the steamed stuffed bun first, sucking up the soup inside, and then The whole xiao long bao is thrown into the mouth.

It wasn't that Tang Hua dragged Lebedev over for dinner, but that after Tang Hua came to Shanghai, Lebedev suggested to Tang Hua to eat in a small restaurant in the Town God's Temple.

"The so-called operating system is a tool for people to interact with computers." This small restaurant in Shanghai also catered to Tang Hua's appetite. The interface between hardware and other software. Of course, the operating system itself is also a kind of software. If we make a general summary, the operating system abstracts the hardware resources of the computer so that we can call different underlying hardware in a similar programming way. And ignoring the differences between different implementations of the same kind of hardware..."

Lebedev: "From T52 and TC52, is it going to be developed in this direction?"

Tang Hua: "In the future, computers will form a family with a blood relationship between them. What reflects their blood inheritance is the versatility of the operating system. Programs written on old computers will be used on new computers—assuming new computers The computing unit and even the system structure of the computer have been changed, and they can continue to be used, which allows computer users and program developers to save a lot of time, and they do not have to compile new software every time they change a computer. Operating system It is the most important tool to ensure that computers have this versatility."

Lebedev: "In terms of versatility... the basic order you mentioned last time has already been made. Starting next year, users will not need to develop new programs when purchasing new computers for computers produced in China. , and even the user does not have to laboriously learn a new operating manual."

Tang Hua swallowed the pigeon meat in his mouth before replying: "By the way, I just saw at the Ministry of Foreign Trade before I came that the Kiev Institute of Electrical Engineering ordered a T6 in June. Would you like to write your name on the side of the cabinet with paint?" sign?"