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On June 1951, 6, the battle that the Volunteer Army called "Dongducheon Defense Counterattack" and the UN Army called "Gwangamsan Battle" officially began.

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“联合国军此次投入第一线进攻的兵力是2个美军师、1个南朝鲜师、1个土耳其旅，作为后备力量的还有2个美军师和1个南朝鲜师。”

粟峪又拿起志司发来的电报。“志司的应对部署是：60军防守绀岳山，保护东豆川市西侧以及临津江渡口的安全；12军防守光岩山及这一带的高地；26军在报川以东的干山，27军监视加平之敌。20军、15军为战役的预备队，分别在涟川市和铁原南10公里处。15军在加平-大名溪谷防御战中伤亡较大，部队也比较疲劳。20军此前也经过了汉江北平原的恶战。”

Chairman: "Mr. Peng used the army with heavy casualties a while ago as a reserve team. It's okay to use it to defend and fill people up, but how to counterattack?"

Su Yu: "The counterattack troops need time to prepare. It is still uncertain what troops will carry out the counterattack. It will take about a week to prepare."

Chairman: "Two or three armies are carrying shells on the hills. This is not in line with our combat principles. We must fight back and beat the Americans so that they will return to the negotiating table."

"The counterattack of the Chinese in May almost drove our army into a desperate situation. Under the harsh premise that most of the tactical air force could not perform ground support missions, Van Fleet used his combat experience accumulated in Western Europe and Greece to save the battle. With the continuous artillery fire and the fearless counterattack of the ground troops, our army recaptured Seoul.... The Battle of Gwangamsan was a continuation of the counterattack in May, or it was the counterattack in May due to the lack of ammunition and logistics. Restart after 5 days of temporary truce after adjustments in place. Our artillery has received sufficient ammunition rations, and the logistics system throughout the Far East is serving Van Fleet's profligate combat methods. The Battle of Guangyan Mountain was also a battle that had to be fought , because if the two mountains here are not captured, the Seoul recaptured by the United Nations forces will not be stable, and may be recaptured by the Chinese counterattack at any time."

"Van Fleet's counterattack went smoothly for the first three days, so that we once thought that the dawn of victory would emerge in the sky."

—— "Memoirs of Ridgway" Chapter 7: Armistice negotiations, painful mountains and stalemate

Chapter 165, The Grinding of Flesh

From mid-May to mid-June 1951, there were basically no major battles between Dongducheon and Bocheon.Su Yu and Ye Ting both saw that the Sino-US stalemate line would be here in the future, and thought that the armies and divisions of the 5th Corps and the 6rd Corps who had no combat missions should use this time to step up construction of fortifications and improve the defense of mountainous and plain areas.In Guangyan Mountain in the east of Dongduchuan and Xiaoyao Mountain in the northeast, the volunteers built complete trenches, traffic trenches, semi-permanent anti-gun bunkers and reverse slope trenches, which can be used by all combat troops of the 9th Army to fight and hide.Because the two mountains form a depth of up to 3 kilometers from each other, when deploying defensive forces, the 12th Army can also adopt a force configuration method that is light at the front and heavy at the rear to avoid excessive damage from US artillery fire.

As for Dongducheon City... This pass, which was stuck in the narrow mountains and plains in the era of cold weapons, is not important now. It is just an appendage next to the main defense system of the Volunteer Army, and all the residents in the city have been evacuated.The Volunteer Army will not garrison Dongducheon City with heavy troops, and the U.S. military will not take it painlessly, because once the U.S. Army invades Dongducheon City, the Volunteer Army staying on Gwangam Mountain and Ganak Mountain will be condescending and use mortars casually You can use crossfire to beat the U.S. military into a mess.Pacheon City on the east side of Gwangam Mountain is also similar to Dongducheon City in that it did not deploy too many defensive troops.

"The mountain fortifications that have been built for a month are of higher specifications than field fortifications, but they are not up to the standard of permanent fortifications. They can be regarded as semi-permanent fortifications." Su Yu said, "This time, the 12th Army and the 60th Army will face each other. Yes, the U.S. military is very unusual. Zeng Shaoshan and Wei Jie will have a big test."

Staff officer: "Zhiji called just now, saying that he is very confident in the fortifications of Guangyan Mountain and Ganyue Mountain."

Su Yu: "Does Mr. Peng understand the firepower configuration of the US military's attack?"

Staff officer: "Understood. But Mr. Peng said that as long as there are no planes overhead, no matter how dense the artillery fire is, it is actually passable."

The Battle of Guangyan Mountain, ordered by Li Qiwei and carried out by Van Fleet, used all the artillery battalions of the 2nd, 3rd, and 25th American Cavalry Divisions, the 2st American Cavalry Division, the [-]nd South Korean Division, and the Turkish Brigade. Busan also requisitioned the American-made howitzer battalions of several new South Korean divisions that were training.

In the Gapyeong-Daimyo Valley battle, Van Fleet laid out 18 artillery battalions and wounded the 15th Army.In the current battle of Guangyan Mountain, Van Fleet has 34 heavy howitzer battalions in his hands.

Not only did Van Fleet calculate it, Zhisi and the Beijing War Situation Center also helped the United Nations Army to calculate:

In the Dongducheon defensive counterattack, the U.S. military used 1700 artillery pieces, including more than 100 large-caliber howitzers with a caliber of more than 600mm, and 150 tanks drove to the front line to participate in fire support with 90mm main guns.The Volunteers put into battle in the first stage 500 artillery pieces, of which the large-caliber howitzers only had 32 heavy artillery pieces from the three artillery regiments of the 100nd Artillery Division, and six 6mm rocket artillery battalions.

April 6st morning.

John O'Daniel, commander of the 1st U.S. Army, went to Yangzhou from Uijeongbu to inspect the front line of the offensive.Looking from the artillery mirror, Guangyan Mountain a few kilometers away is just a group of gray-green protrusions on the horizon. Although the highest peak of Guangyan Mountain is 536 meters above sea level, the elevation of several unnamed mountains and unnamed highlands on the first mountain range should be less than 300 meters, the elevation difference from the flat ground may only be more than 100 meters.

In this campaign, the U.S. military actually wanted to conquer two mountains: Mt. Gwangam and Mt. Konak. But there is no doubt that the target of the first phase of the attack must be Mt. Gwangam.This mountain has been inserted southward to the vicinity of Yangzhou, making it very inconvenient for the movement and adjustment of the US military in this entire area.It is necessary to climb up Guangyan Mountain first, and at least the first two layers of mountains must be gnawed down before considering dividing troops to attack two mountains at the same time in the next stage.

O'Daniel raised his wrist to check the time from time to time. When the minute hand pointed to 9:58 and there were 2 minutes before the shelling, he simply stopped doing other things and just counted down there.

6月16日上午10时整，奥丹尼尔的耳朵听到了阵阵滚雷一般的巨响。美军34个重炮兵营中的31个同时开火，500多门榴弹炮第一轮就把近20吨的钢铁和炸药抛向志愿军12军的阵地。

The first day of the campaign, the action of the United Nations: shelling.

Neither the U.S. nor the ROK infantry participated in the attack that day.The shelling will continue until dark. The 31 artillery battalions have a quota of 5 rounds of shells, and the total weight of projected shells is 1600 tons.

On June 6, the second day of the battle, the actions of the United Nations Army: shelling in the morning and attacking in the afternoon.

On this morning, 4 shells fell on the four unnamed hills in front of Guangyan Mountain.In addition to the heavy howitzer battalion, the 4mm light howitzers and 75mm mortars of the U.S. Army and the South Korean Army also participated in the shelling coverage.O'Daniel walked to the artillery mirror again. When the shelling stopped, he was surprised to find that the gray-green bumps he saw yesterday had changed color, becoming gray-yellow bumps—the vegetation on the mountain changed from yesterday to today. The shelling in the morning has been completely lifted, and now there are only bare earth and rocks left on the hill.

O'Daniel watched the scene from the artillery command post on the front line, while Van Fleet read maps and staff telegrams from the rear command post.

Van Fleet: "Since the shelling effect is very good, let the 2nd Division of the Korean Army start a tentative attack."

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In the evening, the remnants of the 2th Regiment of the 5nd Division of South Korea retreated sparsely from the four unnamed highlands.With a regiment of 2000 members, more than 1400 combatants all sent out to climb the mountain to attack. They were resolutely blocked by the 12th Army in front of the four unnamed mountains. They fought fiercely for an afternoon and failed to capture any of the mountains. The remaining more than 400 people supported and rolled. Climb back to the starting point of the attack.An infantry regiment was reimbursed like this.

That night, the U.S. military retreated.The "Pershing" heavy tanks at the foot of the mountain used direct fire from 90mm tank guns as fire support, all retreated and retreated behind the infantry fortifications.Throughout the night, the U.S. infantry positions used high-power searchlights to scan the front of their positions, and some soldiers held carbines with night vision goggles to guard all night.After fighting the Chinese army for such a long time, the U.S. military is also afraid of the night attack of the Chinese army. Now not only the Chinese infantry will attack and infiltrate at night, but the Chinese tanks will also come out to fight coldly!

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6月18日下午，南朝鲜第2师第6团1400多名战斗兵员在无名高地山下集结，突然遭到至少一个团的重榴弹炮急速射加上几十门火箭炮的覆盖射击。

"The 6th regiment of our department was covered by the Chinese army's rocket launchers, with more than 600 casualties. Many troops have been incomplete. Please withdraw from the starting point of the attack!"

O'Daniel: "If the 6th Regiment withdraws from the starting point of the attack, then the 4th Regiment of your division must be replaced to continue the attack this afternoon."

The face of the commander of the 2nd South Korean Division twitched, but now the 2nd Division is organized under the US 1st Army, and O'Daniel, as the commander of the US 1st Army, has the right to dispatch the 2nd South Korean Division.

It took two hours for the 6th regiment and the 4th regiment to switch positions. At 03:30 in the afternoon, the 4th regiment dispersed, and the 4th group climbed to the 4 unknown mountains.As the leading infantry regiment of the 2nd Division of South Korea, it has the largest concentration of veterans, and its combat effectiveness is stronger than the other two regiments.The 4th regiment fought on the mountain until 6 p.m., almost rushing into the trench area of ​​the Volunteer Army. At this time, the sharp charge horn sounded, and the reserve team of the 12th Division of the 34th Army launched a counterattack against the South Korean attacking troops in four ways. The two sides quickly stuck together, making it impossible for the US military cannons to fire.

At 9 o'clock in the evening, the last Korean soldiers of the 4th regiment went down the mountain.After counting the number of soldiers, only 4 soldiers from the 137th regiment rushed up the mountain came back.

6 month 19 day.

"I order you now to combine the available healthy soldiers of the 5th and 6th regiments, add your combat engineer battalion, and carry out another attack." O'Daniel looked at the commander of the South Korean 2nd Division expressionlessly, and used Ordered in an unquestionable tone.

The commander of the 2nd Division looked at O'Daniel with despairing eyes.

"Each division is responsible for the three-day attack, the Korean army is the same, the US army is the same, no army can be an exception." O'Daniel said coldly.

On the evening of June 6, the commander of the 19nd South Korean Division shot himself outside his headquarters.During the three-day attack, nearly 2 people from the 2nd Division disappeared—either captured or killed in battle, and more than 4000 wounded returned to the camp.Although the 700nd Division of South Korea reached full strength before participating in the battle, the division had an establishment of 2 people, but the loss of 15000 people basically meant that all combat units of the division did not exist-except for one that was not used by the US military because the tank was too poor Called the "Sherman" medium tank battalion.After this battle, the 4000nd Division disappeared from the battle order on the Western Front.

What O'Daniel and the commander of the 2nd Division didn't know was that these four days of bombardment and three-day attack also caused the 12th Division of the 34th Army to replace the two main regiments. Both the regiment and the 34st regiment had to withdraw to rest due to more than half of the casualties.

On the evening of June 6, O'Daniel fell into distress.It was originally thought that the four unnamed mountains on the first track could be filled with the lives of the Koreans, and then the US military could continue to attack the second mountain.However, the Koreans filled it in, and the mountain is still in the hands of the Chinese army.

This night, Shiji's atmosphere was equally grim.

"Send a report to the 12th Army, let the 31st Division move behind the 34th Division, and be ready to take over the 34th Division's defense line at any time." Mr. Peng said, "In addition, the 20th Army is also moving forward."

6 month 20 day.

In the past 5 days, the front line of Guangyan Mountain has withstood the bombardment of more than 20 shells. Two-thirds of the artillery bunkers have collapsed, and large sections of the trenches have been bombarded into shallow trenches. On the night of the 19th, the commanders and fighters of the 102nd Regiment entered the position and hurriedly repaired the fortifications with shovels and picks in their hands during a little time at night, but all they could do was to dig trenches on the mountain again.After dawn, most of the 102nd Regiment returned to the reverse slope, and did not enter the first-line position. They only sent 4 platoons to the frontal position as observation and lookout posts.

After the shelling in the morning ended, the 102nd regiment returned to its defensive position along the traffic trench, and found that many trenches dug last night had collapsed...

"The U.S. military is gathering at the foot of the mountain." The lookout sent a report to the rear using a walkie-talkie. The commander of the 102nd regiment and the commander of the 12th army were listening to the lookout's report at the same time. "The number of people is about 4 battalions."

When the U.S. Army appeared at the foot of the mountain, the 32nd Artillery Division of the Volunteer Army began to shell violently.From the 16th to the present, the U.S. military has bombarded more than 20 rounds of artillery shells at Guangyan Mountain, and the Volunteer Army has also returned nearly 5 rounds to the U.S. military.Since there is almost no air threat in the theater, the Soviet-style howitzers of the 32nd Artillery Division can open fire during the day.The artillery is playing comfortably, and the daily consumption of shells is almost three times that of before, but the logistics convoy is also very comfortable delivering shells now, so the supply of shells is no problem.

In this battle, the artillery of both China and the United States chose to bombard the opponent's infantry or defensive positions instead of conducting counter-battery operations.This also made the entire Gwangyan Mountain a bloody grind for the South Korean Army and the US Army.

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"Central People's Broadcasting Station, Central People's Broadcasting Station. The following is an article by Peng Dehuai, commander of the Chinese People's Volunteers: "The Chinese People's Volunteers are an invincible force."

"... there is no doubt that a peaceful settlement of the Korean question is possible provided both parties agree to establish a demilitarized zone based on the current line of control and to implement the other terms of an armistice in good faith."