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George Kennan: "What about North Korea's view?"

Malick: "Kim Il Sung is flying to China."

Only then did George Kennan breathe a sigh of relief. A channel of communication and a method of message transmission had finally been established between high-level officials in China and the United States.In George Kennan's view, the United States intervened in the Korean War and expanded the scale of the war under the flicker of MacArthur's bastard.The United States invested 10 divisions in North Korea, two of which were kneeling, and several were disabled, while the Soviet Union did not invest in a single division. This made the power balance between the United States and the Soviet Union in other parts of the world very delicate. .Although the Soviet Union also spent a lot of money to arm China and North Korea, and some pilots established the MiG corridor on the border between China and North Korea, it is still small compared to the huge military expenditure caused by the direct participation of the United States in the war.If the Korean War continues like this, from a global perspective, the United States will only suffer more.

……

September 5th, Beijing.

This time the meeting was not at the War Situation Center.The car sent Tang Hua into the sea, stopped in front of another building, and entered a neatly arranged small venue.The special meeting of the Military Commission of the Central People's Government is held here, and it is no longer like putting a stool in the combat situation center to make do in recent months.This also shows that in the past two days, the North Korean front has indeed calmed down, and there is no need for a few generals to guard the combat situation center all the time, waiting anxiously for the telegram to be sent.

Tang Hua walked into the meeting room and saw the chairman, commander-in-chief, prime minister, and vice chairman Liu... already seated.Tang Hua greeted everyone one by one, then walked to the wall of the conference room, and sat down on the row of secretaries and clerks.Looking up, the chairman was making eye contact with him.Seeing that Tang Hua pretended not to respond after a few seconds, the Prime Minister stretched out his finger, first pointed at Tang Hua, then moved his finger to the main table in the center of the conference room, and nodded there.

Li Kenong simply spoke directly: "Tang Hua, don't dawdle, come here."

Tang Hua: "Ah..."

I couldn't be skinny anymore, so I quickly got up and sat next to General Li.The two belonged to the military intelligence team, and it was best to sit next to each other.

Tang Hua, secretary of Cai Tingkai, member of the Military Commission of the Central People's Government, was waiting at the main table.Uncle Cai... is now the president of the Chinese People's Volunteers Support Association. In the past few months, he has given speeches all over the country, calling for joining the army, calling for donations, etc.

Next came Vice Chairman Gao, Boss He, Ye Shuai, Nie Shuai, General Luo... When Xu Shuai and General Su arrived, the meeting began.

"Comrade Kim Il Sung visited Beijing a few days ago and exchanged views with us." The Prime Minister said, "On May 5, the United States entrusted the Soviet diplomatic system to convey to us their intention to hold armistice negotiations. I have a positive attitude. The chairman and I have talked with Comrade Kim Il Sung for three days. Now the opinions of the North Korean comrades are basically inclined to start the armistice negotiations and to stop the war as soon as possible under the condition of obtaining more favorable terms of the armistice agreement. This meeting The first is to unify our opinions on the Korean armistice. On this basis, we will form more specific opinions on the situation of the Korean armistice, the armistice line, and the terms of negotiations. Two days later, Vice Chairman Gao will work with Comrade Kim Il Sung Fly to the Soviet Union and finalize this matter with the Soviet side in detail."

Su Yu: "The fifth battle ended on May 5 after two stages of fighting. Our army achieved good results. The number of enemies annihilated is still being counted, and it is confirmed that the 24th Meibu Division and the 24th Yingying The brigade and the 27th Division of South Korea defeated the Thai Regiment, the French Battalion, and the 11rd Division of South Korea. The line of control in the area moved northward, but it was all relatively barren areas on the east coast of North Korea. In the relatively affluent areas of the Korean peninsula on the west line, our line of control moved southward greatly, and controlled the border between Dongducheon and Paocheon. Guangyan Mountain in the middle, overlooking the North Plain of the Han River from here, is in a relatively favorable defensive position."

Su Yu: "But on the other hand, the strength of the United Nations army in North Korea has once again increased, which is not good for us. During the fifth campaign, the number of U.S. troops sent to the Korean peninsula has exceeded the number of U.S. troops annihilated by our army. So far, the U.S. military has sent two additional divisions to the Korean peninsula, adding more than 3000 troops to the U.S. military, including 7500 South Korean U.S. supplementary soldiers and nearly 6000 American supplementary soldiers. During the battle, the U.S. military was damaged The weapons and ammunition consumed, and the logistics force of the US military have also been fully supplemented. In addition, in the United States, a new round of military expansion is also likely to be underway..."

Tang Hua: "A week ago, President Truman signed an order to add 1951 billion U.S. dollars in special funds for the war in 20, all of which will be used as special military expenses for the U.S. Army. According to the cost of the U.S. Army formation, the 20 billion U.S. dollars will be used for some pensions. In addition to the use of peace and aftermath, there will be 15 billion US dollars for the formation of 3 US military divisions as a new reserve force, so that they can be invested in when the Korean battlefield is not good."

20 billion US dollars, that is, 100 billion rubles, this figure is understood by everyone present.The chairman stayed in the Soviet Union for two months in 1950, and finally got an interest-free loan of 15 billion rubles/3 million US dollars.After the outbreak of the Korean War, China decided whether to send volunteers to join the war. After several rounds of negotiations with the Soviet Union, it was finally calculated that the free aid of weapons and ammunition, plus the discount rebate when purchasing weapons, was just over 10 billion rubles.

Chairman: "With regard to the truce negotiations, we need to clarify a few issues, and then let the volunteer army commanders and the people of the whole country also clarify. Why do we agree with the truce? Why are we in favor of the truce now but not in the past? Can the negotiation be successful? After the negotiation begins, How should we continue the work of resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea? We must first figure out the answers to these questions in our own minds, and then we can explain and educate the officers, soldiers and the masses.”

Prime Minister: "My opinion is that the Korean people fought for a year, and the volunteers fought to resist the U.S. and aid Korea for nine months. This forced the U.S. to recognize the power of the Chinese and Korean people, gave up its original aggressive plan, and guaranteed the security of North Korea and China. Safety, this is the direct gain of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea so far. Armistice negotiations at this time will gain the appreciation and affirmation of world public opinion for both warring parties, including us and the United States. Starting armistice negotiations at this time is beneficial to both sides. Armistice The outcome of the negotiations depends on the sincerity of the US. If the Americans are not sincere, then we will not sign the negotiation agreement, and the Chinese and North Korean people must continue to fight. If the Americans become sincere under our attack, then we can Sit down and continue talking."

Vice Chairman Liu: "In short, if we start negotiating with the Americans, our keynote will be 'strive for peace and resolutely fight'. Although the enemy is eager to seek peace, the United States will not change the nature of their imperialist aggression. During the negotiations, it may also Playing various tricks and conspiracies, and possibly attacking me suddenly while I am paralyzed, our army cannot relax."

……

Tang Hua guessed that the Politburo may have held a small meeting before this meeting, and those several people had already unified their views. This meeting was mainly to listen to the opinions put forward by other parties, and to supplement and improve the details.

In addition to the specific details of the negotiation, negotiation goals, bottom line, and strategy, it also includes propaganda instructions, the Central Propaganda Department’s adjustments to the propaganda and education work inside and outside the party, and the propaganda caliber and explanations for some key issues.

At the end of the meeting, it was decided that Li Kenong and Qiao Guanhua would go to North Korea as the think tanks of the negotiating delegation to prepare for the upcoming armistice negotiations between China, the United States and North Korea.

After reading the resolution, Li Kenong added that Tang Hua had to provide information and intelligence support in Beijing during the negotiation process.

Chapter 157, temporarily calm down

South Korea, Dongducheon.

Dongducheon has always been an important military fortress in the history of the Korean Peninsula.Since North Korea/South Korea has historical records, Dongducheon is the most important checkpoint for the northern regime to enter the Seoul area every time the Korean peninsula changes regimes, or is invaded by a "strong enemy from the north".

From the topographic point of view, the most direct route to invade Seoul from the north is a long and narrow flat land between mountains. This long and narrow flat land reaches the 37.5 degrees north latitude, and there is a military town in the middle - Dongducheon. There is no way around it.

Once the Dongducheon is beaten down, it will be much less difficult to go south to get involved in the Han River Plain.

In the era of cold weapons, Dongducheon became the backbone of Seoul's northern defense by virtue of the solid fortress defense of Dongducheon City.In the era of hot weapons—or in the 20s, Dongduchuan, with its high mountains in the east, west, and northeast, became the support point for the Volunteer Army stuck on the 50-degree north latitude line.Especially the Gwangam Mountain and Xiaoyao Mountain in the east and northeast, with a maximum altitude of 37.5 meters, the mountains are stretching and deep, and they control the mountains here. To the west, Dongducheon City can be controlled by firepower, and Paocheon City can also be controlled to the east. In the 536th century, these two small towns were no longer the existence of one husband and one man, and their military significance was handed over to the mountains.

In the second stage of the fifth campaign, when Su Yu and Ye Ting conceived the defensive fulcrum and defense line of the Volunteers, they agreed that Dongduchuan could become the support point of the Volunteers on the northern edge of the Han River Plain.

On May 1951, 5, the day when the Volunteers captured Seoul, the engineering units of the 5th Corps began to build fortifications at the foot of Dongducheon and Dongducheon City. On May 9, after the surrender of all the 5th divisions of the United States, the 12rd Corps separated two divisions that suffered large losses in the encirclement and annihilation battle, one in Paocheon and the other in Dongducheon. They were also digging holes while resting. Dig trenches.

5月13日到5月18日汉江北平原东部阻击战，在歼灭英27旅以及给美军足够的杀伤后，人民军1军团和20军、坦克一师后撤，美军4个师和英军1个旅跟在志愿军的身后涌入了汉江平原。

On May 5th, the First U.S. Cavalry Division entered Seoul. A large number of field reporters from the 20th Army and the United Nations Army followed the report, emphasizing in front of the whole world that "the United Nations Army has recaptured Seoul for the third time."After enjoying the glory of recapturing Seoul, the U.S. and British troops carefully formed their formations, tentatively attacking Uijeongbu, and then Yangju.

In the small mountain near Yangzhou City, the 3rd and 2nd Mibu Divisions were counterattacked by the 5th Division of the 22th Army on the night of May 26. At this time, the U.S. military had fully learned its lesson. In a small place, three U.S. divisions fought against each other, and there was a U.S. cavalry division behind them as a reserve team. The counterattack of the volunteers caused more than 76 U.S. casualties and destroyed nine howitzers, which shocked the U.S. military. This kind of night attack is now unable to cause the US military to collapse across the board.

On May 5, the U.S. Army occupied Yangzhou City.Dongducheon is 24 kilometers further north from the U.S.-controlled area, but 10 kilometers north is the mountainous area—the mountain range east of Dongducheon, a branch of the Taebaek Mountains in the middle of the peninsula, and extends to a place not far north of Yangzhou City .

Van Vleet ordered American troops to stop advancing on the Western Front.

Also on the same day, the 19th Army and 64th Army of the 65th Corps of the Volunteer Army on the Eastern Front came out from the rear of Yangkou County and launched a full-line counterattack against the 7th American Division and the two South Korean divisions.Since the plan to encircle the enemy on the eastern front is no longer possible, and the fifth battle will come to an end, at this time it is only one more penny to earn.

The Volunteer Army is hiding behind Yangkou County, and the U.S. military has known this information for a long time.Therefore, when the six divisions of the 64th Army and the 65th Army came out, the 6th Meibu Division did not rush, ended the attack, and retreated slowly according to the magnetic tactics Ridgway taught them, not giving the volunteers a chance to encircle and divide themselves.The South Korean Army with low executive power still showed its flaws during the retreat. The 7rd Division of South Korea was overtaken by the 3st and 191nd Divisions who were forced to march in the mountains and cut off the retreat. Then the 192th Army stepped in to form an encirclement. In the end, the 65rd Division of North Korea had less than 15000 people left.

After the 7th Meibu Division withdrew from outside Yangkou County to Qiti County, the battlefield on the Eastern Front also fell silent.

In the fifth battle, sparks were fired from the beginning to the last few days, and the fire was slowly shut down. The battle basically ended on the 24th.

In the urban area of ​​Dongducheon, the 3st Division of the 12th Army of the 31rd Corps finished their day's work and gathered in battalions to rest.

"Master, what are you eating today?"

The commander of the 93st Battalion of the 1rd Regiment wiped his dusty face with a towel and asked the cooking team.

"One spoonful of stewed pork per person, one spoonful of spicy cabbage per person, and enough rice."

Hundreds of people in the entire camp lined up with lunch boxes to pick up the food, and soon the smell of food was wafting all over the camp.Hundreds of people were squatting, sitting or standing, and they didn't have time to talk. Just now they were chatting and laughing, and the whole barracks was in a commotion.

For the current food, the troops of the original 9th ​​Corps are the ones who feel the most. When the soldiers of the 20th Army ate hot rice and meat dishes in Dongducheon last week, many veterans shed tears on the spot. In November 1950, when it entered North Korea to participate in the war, the 11th Corps encountered the 9st Marine Division and the heaven of minus 9 degrees.The weather is cold and the logistics transportation is not smooth. Compressed biscuits and fried noodles have become luxuries at the bottom of the soldiers' boxes. After entering North Korea for two weeks, even fried noodles can't let go of their stomachs. Even if they add strange shapes, they taste very ordinary. American dry food, the [-]th Corps was often hungry when chasing the [-]st Marine Division.

After returning to the country to rest for a few months and then fight again, the food supply of the 9th Corps in the fifth battle was greatly improved.After breaking through the Linjin River, there were basically no American planes overhead in the 9th Corps, and the cooking squad could chop firewood and make fire on the spot. However, the troops had to fight continuously, so it was still impossible to bury the pot for cooking, but generally there was still time to boil some water for the soldiers. Let's soak the compressed biscuits and fried noodles.Eating a warm bowl of mush is much more comfortable than chewing dry. After May 5, the front line stabilized, and the volunteer soldiers finally enjoyed the same food and drink treatment on the front line as they did on the rear.

The 60th regiment of the 178th Division has additional dishes for dinner today: a can of luncheon meat for two people.

"Oh, this American canned food is actually quite delicious!"

Dongducheon and Paocheon, where the 9th Corps interspersed and attacked, are both logistics bases of the US military. Nearly [-] tons of logistics materials have been piled up in the two places, and of course there will be no shortage of food.When the soldiers pried open the cans of luncheon meat and dug out lumps of meat and put them in their mouths, an old squad leader said in surprise.

"What's wrong? American canned food is delicious."

The old squad leader looked at the recruits, "I ate this kind of canned food when I first entered the court, and I thought it was so unpalatable."

"Is it the same canned luncheon meat?"

"Of course it's the same can, but it's frozen. I picked up a can and held it in my arms for an hour, but it didn't melt. The ice lumps are dug out and put into the mouth, just like eating soil....It turns out that the canned food is delicious when it is not frozen into ice lumps..."

……

The Eighth Army Headquarters is still located in Suwon.Despite the recapture of Seoul, Van Vleet had no plans to move his headquarters to Seoul.

"This kind of situation between the enemy and the enemy is very bad." Van Fleet has been staring at the map for the past few days, talking to the staff around him while looking at it, and repeated after reading the map, "It's very bad."

Van Fleet was looking at a map of the Western Front.Now, the relationship between the U.S. military and the Volunteers is the relationship between the mountain and the mountain.The U.S. military advanced the defense line to Yangzhou, and then dared not go too far, because a lot of rockets would pop up from the mountains at any time and hit the U.S. camp.The U.S. military camp must be three or four kilometers away from the mountains. During the day, the U.S. military will organize teams of tanks and armored vehicles to go out from the camp for armed demonstrations, but they will also keep a distance of 600 meters from the foot of the mountain—this is the maximum effective range of 40 fire in actual combat.